防污性渔网材料的应用与创新

Application and Innovation of Antifouling Fishing Net Materials

摘要: 随着海洋渔业资源的日益枯竭和海洋生态环境的恶化，传统渔网材料在使用过程中会对海洋生物造成伤害越来越大。每年因渔网缠绕、划伤等原因导致的海洋生物死亡数量惊人。传统渔网还容易附着海洋生物和藻类而形成生物污垢，导致渔网堵塞、破损，增加了渔业生产的成本，加剧海洋污染。防污性材料是防治生物污染最为方便有效的方法，传统的有机锡类防污材料含有重金属成分，长期使用严重也会海洋生态环境，因此开发高效、环保的防污性渔网材料是渔业可持续发展的必然要求。目前，主流的绿色防污材料包括自抛光型、低表面能型和仿生型防污材料等。本文主要探索防污性渔网材料的创新与应用，分析材料研发的成功经验和技术手段，为开发高效、环保防污材料提供参考。

Abstract: With the depletion of Marine fishery resources and the deterioration of Marine ecological environment, the traditional fishing net materials will cause more and more damage to Marine organisms in the process of use. The number of Marine life deaths caused by fishing net entanglement, scratches and other causes every year is staggering. Traditional fishing nets are also easy to attach Marine organisms and algae and form biological dirt, leading to blockage and damage of fishing nets, increasing the cost of fishery production and aggravating Marine pollution. Antifouling materials are the most convenient and effective way to prevent and control biological pollution, traditional organotin antifouling materials contain heavy metal components, long-term serious use will also affect the Marine ecological environment, so the development of efficient and environmentally friendly antifouling fishing net materials is an inevitable requirement for the sustainable development of fisheries. At present, the mainstream green antifouling materials include self-polishing, low surface energy and bionic antifouling materials. This paper mainly explores the innovation and application of anti-pollution fishing net materials, analyzes the successful experience and technical means of material research and development, and provides reference for the development of efficient and environmental protection anti-pollution materials.