镁及光热治疗在口腔颌面头颈部肿瘤中的研究进展
Research Progress of Magnesium and Photothermal Effect in Oral, Maxillofacial, Head and Neck Tumors
摘要: 癌症是全世界人类生命的主要威胁。位于牙龈、舌和口底的晚期恶性肿瘤还会造成颌骨破坏，即使截骨也不可避免地存在肿瘤细胞残留，疾病复发患者的预后和生活质量有很大影响。传统的癌症治疗方法，有很大的局限性，手术难以确保彻底性，放疗和化疗在杀死肿瘤细胞的同时会对正常组织造成不可逆的损伤以及较严重的并发症。光热治疗(photothermal therapy, PTT)是一种非侵入性新型肿瘤治疗方式，在近红外光(near-infrared, NIR)照射下，将光能转变为热能发挥作用，也是目前比较前沿的癌症治疗策略。镁基生物可降解金属具有优异的成骨、血管生成性能，同时强大的力学强度，是一种已经应用于临床的新型的生物医用材料。其中金属镁颗粒具有作为光热剂(photothermal agent, PTA)的潜力，具有很高的光热转换效率，可以在局部范围内迅速产热，从而在肿瘤的光热治疗中具有明显的优越性。本文综述了镁的光热效应在抗肿瘤方面的应用。镁的抗肿瘤作用主要来自其降解产物。更重要的是，在肿瘤组织切除后，镁同时具有抗肿瘤和组织再生的双重功能，在肿瘤治疗中显示出巨大的潜力。
Abstract: Cancer is the main threat to human life worldwide. Late-stage malignant tumors located in the gums, tongue, and floor of the mouth can also cause damage to the jawbone, and even with osteotomy, residual tumor cells are inevitable. This has a significant impact on the prognosis and quality of life of patients with disease recurrence. Traditional cancer treatment methods have significant limitations, with surgery being difficult to ensure thoroughness, and radiation therapy and chemotherapy causing irreversible damage to normal tissues and more serious complications while killing tumor cells. Photothermal therapy (PTT) is a non-invasive new type of cancer treatment that converts light energy into heat energy under near-infrared (NIR) irradiation, and it is currently a cutting-edge cancer treatment strategy. Magnesium-based biodegradable metals have excellent osteogenic and angiogenic properties, as well as strong mechanical strength, making them a new type of biomedical material that has been applied in clinical practice. Among them, magnesium metal particles have the potential to serve as photothermal agents (PTA), with high photothermal conversion efficiency and the ability to rapidly generate heat locally, thus demonstrating significant superiority in photothermal therapy for tumors. This article reviews the application of magnesium’s photothermal effect in anti-tumor treatment. The anti-tumor effect of magnesium mainly comes from its degradation products. More importantly, after tumor tissue resection, magnesium has dual functions of anti-tumor and tissue regeneration, showing great potential in tumor treatment.
文章引用：孟雪, 刘维贤, 方利君. 镁及光热治疗在口腔颌面头颈部肿瘤中的研究进展[J]. 临床医学进展, 2024, 14(12): 1418-1426. https://doi.org/10.12677/acm.2024.14123234

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