药物涂层球囊治疗冠状动脉病变后短期抗凝对患者临床事件的影响

The Influence of Short-Term Anticoagulation on Clinical Events after Coronary Artery Lesion Treatment with Drug-Coated Balloons

摘要: 冠心病是全球最常见的死亡原因之一，其高死亡率主要是急性心肌梗死和长期心肌缺血造成的。经皮冠状动脉介入是治疗冠心病的一种有效手段，通过这种介入方式，可以迅速打开被阻塞的冠状动脉，恢复血流，从而极大地减少了由心肌缺血引起的死亡风险。药物涂层球囊作为一种创新的介入治疗工具，在治疗冠状动脉支架内再狭窄、分叉病变、小血管病变等中显示出不劣于药物支架治疗的临床效益。药物涂层球囊治疗无需植入支架，降低再狭窄风险，减少抗栓治疗时间，适用性广泛。但在术后存在急性血管闭塞的可能，因此术后是否需要短期抗凝治疗，以减少血栓形成的风险，临床中尚无明确依据，本文就药物涂层球囊治疗术后短期抗凝治疗对临床事件影响作一综述。

Abstract: Coronary heart disease is one of the most prevalent causes of death globally, primarily due to acute myocardial infarction and chronic myocardial ischemia. Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) serves as an effective treatment for coronary heart disease, swiftly reopening blocked coronary arteries and restoring blood flow, thereby substantially reducing mortality associated with myocardial ischemia. Drug-coated balloons (DCB), as innovative interventional tools, exhibit clinical benefits comparable to drug-eluting stents in managing conditions such as in-stent restenosis, bifurcation lesions, and small vessel disease. The use of drug-coated balloons avoids the need for stent implantation, lowers the risk of restenosis, reduces the duration of antithrombotic therapy, and is widely applicable. However, the potential for acute vessel closure post-intervention remains a concern, and the clinical benefits of short-term anticoagulation therapy to mitigate thrombosis risk postoperatively are not yet clearly established. This review critically examines the effects of short-term anticoagulation following drug-coated balloon interventions on clinical outcomes, addressing a significant gap in the existing research.