前哨淋巴结活检术的研究进展
Research Progress of Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy
DOI: 10.12677/md.2024.144070, PDF,   
作者: 刘颜招, 朱红成*, 李长仔, 张 祎：华北理工大学附属医院甲状腺外一科，河北 唐山
关键词: 乳腺肿瘤；外科；前哨淋巴结活组织检查；综述；Breast Neoplasms； Surgical； Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy； Review
摘要: 腋窝淋巴结状态是乳腺癌的分期、治疗方案的选择、以及预后的评估的重要依据，前哨淋巴结活检对于早期乳腺癌患者有重要的意义，是评估其是否转移的标准之一，是腋窝淋巴结阴性患者的标准术式。虽然前哨淋巴结具有创伤小，后遗症少等优点，可以很大程度地提高患者的生活质量，但是在传统观念上腋窝淋巴结清扫(ALND)仍然是前哨淋巴结阳性乳腺癌患者的标准治疗方法。近年来有研究表明，对于1~2个淋巴结微转移的患者可免除ALND，其总体生存并不会受到影响。对于腋窝淋巴结阳性患者新辅助治疗后能否行前哨淋巴结活检对腋窝淋巴结状态进行较为精准的评估仍然存在争议。本文将结合现有与前哨淋巴结活检相关文献，就前哨淋巴结活检的研究进展以及其在临床上面临的一些争议和问题做一综述。
Abstract: Axillary lymph node status is an important basis for the staging of breast cancer, the choice of treatment plan, and the evaluation of prognosis. Sentinel lymph node biopsy is of great significance for early breast cancer patients, and is one of the criteria for evaluating whether it is metastatic. It is also a standard operation for axillary lymph node negative patients. Although sentinel lymph nodes have the advantages of less trauma and fewer sequelae, which can greatly improve the quality of life of patients, in the traditional concept, axillary lymph node dissection (ALND) is still the standard treatment for patients with sentinel lymph node positive breast cancer. In recent years, studies have shown that patients with 1~2 lymph node micrometastases can be exempted from ALND, and their overall survival will not be affected. Whether sentinel lymph node biopsy can accurately evaluate axillary lymph node status in axillary lymph node positive patients after neoadjuvant therapy remains controversial. This article will review the research progress of sentinel lymph node biopsy and some controversies and problems in clinical practice based on the existing literatures related to sentinel lymph node biopsy.
文章引用：刘颜招, 朱红成, 李长仔, 张祎. 前哨淋巴结活检术的研究进展[J]. 医学诊断, 2024, 14(4): 487-494. https://doi.org/10.12677/md.2024.144070

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