基于植物群落抗旱演替模型的生态与环境影响因素作用机理量化分析

Quantitative Analysis of the Mechanism of Ecological and Environmental Factors Based on the Drought Resistance Succession Model of Plant Communities

摘要: 本文基于抗旱演替模型，以蕨类植物为例，量化分析了武陵山区植物群落的生态与环境驱动因素。在生态因素分析中，首先验证了植物群落在生态系统中的重要性，表明群落相较于单一物种更能适应环境变化并长期生存。其次，通过隶属函数法，将植物划分为强、中、弱抗旱性三类，并仿真模拟各类群落在干旱条件下的演替动态，结果显示中抗旱性植物群落具有更高的稳定性。在环境驱动因素分析中，构建了随机降雨模型以模拟不同干旱频率下的降雨情况，并探讨干旱频率对植物群落生态位宽度的影响。研究发现，干旱频率的增加导致物种生态位宽度缩小和群落演替的稳定性降低。本研究为干旱条件下植物群落的保护与生态管理提供了科学依据。

Abstract: Based on the drought resistance succession model, this paper quantitatively analyzed the ecological and environmental driving factors of plant communities in Wuling Mountain Area, taking ferns as an example. In the ecological factor analysis, the importance of plant communities in ecosystems was first verified, indicating that communities are more adaptable to environmental changes and survive for a long time than single species. Secondly, plants were divided into three categories of strong, medium and weak drought resistance through the membership function method, and the succession dynamics of various communities under drought conditions were simulated. The results showed that medium drought resistance plant communities have higher stability. In the environmental driving factor analysis, a random rainfall model was constructed to simulate rainfall under different drought frequencies, and the effect of drought frequency on the niche width of plant communities was explored. The study found that the increase in drought frequency led to a reduction in the niche width of species and a decrease in the stability of community succession. This study provides a scientific basis for the protection and ecological management of plant communities under drought conditions.