金莲花属植物的研究概况

Overview of Research on the Trollius chinensis Bunge

摘要: 金莲花作为传统中药材使用历史悠久，在民间人们也常将其作为消炎抑菌的养生保健茶使用。作为一种药食两用药物，具有较高的开发价值。金莲花的化学成分主要有黄酮类、有机酸类、生物碱类、香豆素类、甾醇类、挥发油、多糖类和神经酰胺类等化合物。其中以黄酮及黄酮苷类成分为主含成分和有效成分。其在抗菌、抗氧化、抗炎镇痛、抗病毒、抗肿瘤等方面具有一定的生物活性。因此，自清代以来作为治疗上呼吸道感染、肺炎、咽炎、扁桃体炎等疾病的常用药物，疗效显著。尤其作为上市的金莲花成方制剂和单味制剂，更是在临床中发挥了显著作用。黑龙江省作为短瓣金莲花的道地药材产地，对其投入较多关注。本文简要概述管理黑龙江省道地药材的短瓣金莲花，并从金莲花的药理作用和临床应用两个方面对其综述，为进一步促进该药材的临床合理应用和新药研发提供参考。

Abstract: Trollius chinensis Bunge as a traditional Chinese medicinal herb, has a long history of use and is often used as a health tea for anti-inflammatory and antibacterial purposes in folk culture. As a dual-use drug for medicine and food, it has high development value. The chemical components of Trollius chinensis Bunge mainly include flavonoids, organic acids, alkaloids, coumarins, sterols, volatile oils, polysaccharides, and ceramides. Among them, flavonoids and flavonoid glycosides are the main components and active ingredients. It has certain biological activities in antibacterial, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antiviral, anti-tumor and other aspects. Therefore, since the Qing Dynasty, it has been a commonly used medication for treating upper respiratory tract infections, pneumonia, pharyngitis, tonsillitis, and other diseases, with significant therapeutic effects. Especially as a marketed formula and single ingredient preparation of Trollius chinensis Bunge, it has played a significant role in clinical practice. Heilongjiang Province, as a genuine source of medicinal materials for short petal golden lotus flowers, has paid considerable attention to its investment. This article provides a brief overview of the management of short petal Trollius chinensis Bunge, a medicinal herb on the Heilongjiang provincial road. It summarizes the pharmacological effects and clinical applications of Trollius chinensis Bunge, providing a reference for further promoting its rational clinical application and new drug development.