反垄断法视域下消费者数据隐私的保护研究

Research on the Protection of Consumer Data Privacy under the Perspective of Antitrust Laws

摘要: 在非价格利益中，数据隐私作为一项至关重要的因素，对消费者的整体福祉产生了深远且不可忽视的影响。在数字经济时代，随着大数据技术的迅猛发展，数据隐私已成为消费者在选择商品和服务时的重要考量因素之一。因此，在评估反垄断法的实施效果时，必须将数据隐私的保护状况纳入考量范围，以确保消费者的合法权益得到充分保障。本文以反垄断法视域下消费者数据隐私保护为主题，从必要性和困境两方面入手，剖析当前数字经济环境下反垄断法的介入对消费者隐私和市场竞争带来的影响。基于以上两方面分析，本文围绕国内现行法律法规及相关极具影响力的案例提出可行策略，认为数据隐私已成为消费者非价格利益的重要部分，反垄断法应在防止企业滥用数据上发挥作用。当前面临法律法规不统一、激励不足及隐私保护与市场效率难平衡的问题，本文建议融合隐私保护条款于反垄断法中并设立量化评估标准，旨在确保反垄断法能够在数字经济时代更好地服务于消费者的利益，促进市场的公平竞争，实现效率与公平的和谐统一。

Abstract: Among the non-price benefits, data privacy, as a crucial factor, has a profound and non-negligible impact on the overall well-being of consumers. In the era of digital economy, with the rapid development of big data technology, data privacy has become one of the important considerations for consumers when choosing goods and services. Therefore, when evaluating the effectiveness of antitrust laws, the protection of data privacy must be taken into account to ensure that the legitimate rights and interests of consumers are fully protected. This paper takes the protection of consumer data privacy in the context of antitrust law as the theme, and analyzes the impact of the intervention of antitrust law on consumer privacy and market competition in the current digital economic environment from the perspective of necessity and dilemma. Based on these two analyses, this paper proposes feasible strategies based on existing domestic laws and regulations and relevant influential cases, arguing that data privacy has become an important part of consumers’ non-price interests, and that antitrust law should play a role in preventing enterprises from abusing data. The current problems of inconsistent laws and regulations, insufficient incentives, and the difficulty of balancing privacy protection and market efficiency, suggest integrating privacy protection provisions into antitrust law and setting up quantitative assessment standards, with the aim of ensuring that antitrust law can better serve the interests of consumers in the era of the digital economy, promote fair competition in the market, and realize the harmonious unity of efficiency and fairness.