论电子商务平台经营者的民事责任

On the Civil Liability of E-Commerce Platform Operators

摘要: 在电子商务运营过程中，消费者权益受损、知识产权侵权等现象不断出现，对现行法律制度提出了挑战，传统侵权法理论越来越难以解决数字平台经济新型法律责任问题，存在规则与理论研究供给不足等问题，需要重新界定平台经营者的法律地位与民事责任。《电子商务法》第38条第2款为平台经营者规定了“相应的责任”，有利于维护消费者的生命健康权益，对于网络购物纠纷解决和维护互联网环境都有着积极的促进作用，但责任的具体形式、归责原则、举证责任分配等均未明确，存在法律适用不明确和自由裁量的尺度过大的问题。如何准确裁量电子商务平台经营者的义务和责任，是本文重点研究的问题。

Abstract: In the process of e-commerce operation, various phenomena such as consumer rights violations and intellectual property infringement have emerged, posing challenges to the current legal system. The traditional theory of tort law is increasingly unable to solve the new legal liability problems in the digital platform economy. There are also problems of insufficient rules and theoretical research, and the legal status and civil liability of platform operators need to be redefined. Article 38, Paragraph 2 of “E-Commerce Law of the People’s Republic of China” stipulates that platform operators shall bear “corresponding liabilities” to protect the life and health rights of consumers. This is conducive to the resolution of online shopping disputes and the maintenance of the internet environment, but the specific forms of liability, the principle of liability, and the allocation of burden of proof have not been clarified, and there are problems of unclear legal application and excessive discretion. How to accurately regulate the duties and liabilities of e-commerce platform operators is the key issue that this paper focuses on.