综合性术后康复模式在膝关节置换术患者疼痛控制与功能优化中的应用研究

Application of a Comprehensive Postoperative Rehabilitation Model in Pain Control and Functional Optimization for Patients Undergoing Total Knee Arthroplasty

摘要: 目的：本研究旨在评估术后一体化康复模式在膝关节置换术后患者中的有效性，并与传统的常规康复模式进行比较，以探究其对疼痛管理、功能恢复和生理指标改善的影响。方法：在青海省康复医院纳入100例接受膝关节置换术的患者，随机分为实验组(术后一体化康复组)和对照组(术后常规康复组)，每组各50例。研究通过术后疼痛评分(VAS评分)、关节功能评分(HSS评分)和生理指标(如白细胞计数、C反应蛋白和D-二聚体水平)进行评估，并在术后即刻、术后1个月及术后6个月进行随访。结果：实验组患者在术后的疼痛评分和关节功能评分均显著低于对照组(P < 0.01)，表明一体化康复模式能有效控制术后疼痛并促进功能恢复。同时，实验组的白细胞计数和C反应蛋白水平均在术后逐渐恢复至正常范围，反映出较低的炎症反应水平。此外，实验组并发症发生率较低，进一步验证了该模式在促进康复中的优越性。结论：术后一体化康复模式显著改善了膝关节置换术后患者的术后疼痛管理和功能恢复，同时降低了术后的炎症反应和并发症发生率。研究结果为优化膝关节置换术后的康复方案提供了科学依据，强调了多学科合作在提高患者康复效果中的重要性。未来研究应进一步探讨此模式的长期效果及其在更大范围内的应用。

Abstract: Objective: This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of the integrated rehabilitation model in patients after total knee arthroplasty (TKA) and to compare it with traditional conventional rehabilitation models, focusing on its impact on pain management, functional recovery, and improvement of physiological indicators. Methods: A total of 100 patients who underwent TKA were enrolled at Qinghai Provincial Rehabilitation Hospital, randomly assigned to the experimental group (integrated rehabilitation group) and the control group (conventional rehabilitation group), with 50 patients in each group. The study assessed postoperative pain scores (VAS), joint function scores (HSS), and physiological indicators (such as white blood cell count, C-reactive protein, and D-dimer levels), with follow-ups conducted immediately postoperative, at one month, and at six months post-surgery. Results: Patients in the experimental group had significantly lower postoperative pain scores and higher functional scores compared to the control group (P < 0.01), indicating that the integrated rehabilitation model effectively controls postoperative pain and promotes functional recovery. Additionally, white blood cell counts and C-reactive protein levels in the experimental group gradually returned to normal ranges postoperatively, reflecting lower levels of inflammatory response. Furthermore, the experimental group had a lower incidence of complications, further validating the superiority of this model in promoting rehabilitation. Conclusion: The integrated rehabilitation model significantly improves postoperative pain management and functional recovery in patients after TKA, while reducing inflammatory responses and complication rates. The results provide scientific evidence for optimizing rehabilitation plans after total knee arthroplasty and emphasize the importance of multidisciplinary collaboration in enhancing patient recovery. Future research should further explore the long-term effects of this model and its applications in broader contexts.