永磁同步电机谐波模型参数辨识及其对转矩脉动抑制的Simulink仿真研究
Parameter Identification of Harmonic Model for Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor and Its Simulink Simulation Study on Torque Ripple Suppression
摘要: 为解决永磁同步电机(PMSM)的转矩脉动问题，本文提出了一种基于谐波模型的转矩脉动抑制控制策略。研究首先构建了一个考虑多阶谐波影响的PMSM数学模型，并采用最小二乘法与遗传算法的结合进行参数辨识。基于改进的模型，本文将传统d-q轴模型扩展，引入了6次和12次主要谐波分量，更准确地描述了电机的非线性特性。在此基础上，开发了一种自适应谐波补偿控制算法，该算法结合了最大转矩每安培(MTPA)策略和实时参数估计，能够动态调整补偿电流以抑制转矩脉动。通过Simulink仿真与实际实验验证，该策略显著提高了转矩脉动的抑制效率，平均抑制率超过75%，特别是在抑制6次和12次主要谐波方面表现突出。此外，算法在低速高转矩和环境变化复杂工况下展现出了优越的鲁棒性。
Abstract: To address the issue of torque ripple in Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motors (PMSM), this paper proposes a torque ripple suppression control strategy based on a harmonic model. The study initially constructs a PMSM mathematical model that considers the effects of multiple-order harmonics, and it combines the least squares method with genetic algorithms for parameter identification. Based on the improved model, the traditional d-q axis model is extended to incorporate the 6th and 12th main harmonic components, which more accurately describes the motor’s nonlinear characteristics. On this basis, an adaptive harmonic compensation control algorithm is developed. This algorithm integrates the Maximum Torque Per Ampere (MTPA) strategy with real-time parameter estimation, allowing for dynamic adjustment of compensation currents to suppress torque ripples. Through Simulink simulations and actual experiments, the strategy significantly enhances the efficiency of torque ripple suppression, with an average suppression rate exceeding 75%, particularly in suppressing the 6th and 12th main harmonics. Moreover, the algorithm demonstrates superior robustness in conditions of low speed and high torque and under complex environmental changes.
文章引用：唐文广. 永磁同步电机谐波模型参数辨识及其对转矩脉动抑制的Simulink仿真研究[J]. 建模与仿真, 2025, 14(1): 626-635. https://doi.org/10.12677/mos.2025.141059

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