人力资本与技术采用

Human Capital and Technology Adoption

摘要: 在全球化、信息化日益加速的今天，人力资本和科学技术越来越成为推动经济增长的重要因素。使用2000~2021年亚洲46个国家的相关数据建立动态面板模型，从人力资本的“干中学”维度、教育维度及健康维度这三个方面综合考虑，探讨人力资本与技术采用的联系。结果表明，人力资本与技术之间的联系取决于人力资本的类型以及不同技术的性质。通过“干中学”机制形成的人力资本类型可能是技术采用的最重要因素，其次是以高等教育入学率衡量的人力资本维度，最后是以预期寿命衡量的人力资本的维度。后发国家在追赶技术领先国家的时候，需要强化人力资本“干中学”经验累积。应对不同技术进行针对性分析并采取相对应的政策，才能更好地促进技术的采用与传播。

Abstract: In today’s world of accelerating globalization and informatization, human capital and science and technology are becoming more and more important factors for economic growth. A dynamic panel model using data from 46 countries in Asia from 2000 to 2021 explores the link between human capital and technology adoption by integrating three dimensions of human capital: the “learning-by-doing” dimension, the education dimension and the health dimension. The results show that the link between human capital and technology depends on the type of human capital and the nature of different technologies. The type of human capital formed through the mechanism of “learning by doing” is likely to be the most important factor in technology adoption, followed by the dimension of human capital measured by tertiary education enrolment and, finally, the dimension of human capital measured by life expectancy. In catching up with the technological leaders, latecomers need to strengthen the accumulation of “learning by doing” experience in human capital. The adoption and diffusion of technology can be better facilitated through targeted analysis of different technologies and the adoption of corresponding policies.