2022年重庆市某区职业健康素养水平及影响因素分析

Analysis of Occupational Health Literacy Level and Influencing Factors in a District of Chongqing in 2022

摘要: 目的：分析重庆市某区职业健康素养水平及相关影响因素，为制定相关政策提供科学依据。方法：采用整群抽样方法，抽取某区汽车零部件及配件制造业、电气机械和器材制造业进行职业健康素养问卷调查，采用《全国重点人群职业健康素养监测调查个人问卷》(国统制[2022] 10)调查。结果：2022年重庆市某区职业健康素养水平为42.50%，低于2023年我国国家卫健委职业健康司发布的《2022年全国重点人群职业健康素养水平监测报告》中的全国重点人群职业健康素养水平(52.60%)，经逐步多因素回归分析显示，性别、文化程度、平均每周工作时间均为调查对象是否具备职业健康素养的影响因素，差异有统计学意义(P < 0.05)。结论：该区职业健康素养水平仍有较大的提升空间，今后的职业健康素养的相关工作重心应以性别、文化程度、平均每周工作时间与职业健康保护基本技能维度为主，针对性、总体性提升总体职业健康素养水平。

Abstract: Objective: To analyze the level of occupational health literacy and related influencing factors in a district of Chongqing, and to provide scientific basis for formulating relevant policies. Methods: The cluster sampling method was used to select the automobile parts and accessories manufacturing industry, electrical machinery and equipment manufacturing industry in a district to conduct an occupational health literacy questionnaire survey, and the National Occupational Health Literacy Monitoring Survey Personal Questionnaire for Key Populations (National Control System [2022] 10) was used to investigate. Results: The level of occupational health literacy in a district of Chongqing in 2022 was 42.50%, which was lower than the level of occupational health literacy of the national key population in the “2022 National Key Population Occupational Health Literacy Level Monitoring Report” issued by the Occupational Health Division of the National Health Commission in 2023 (52.60%). Stepwise multivariate regression analysis showed that gender, education level and average weekly working hours were the influencing factors of whether the respondents had occupational health literacy, and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). Conclusion: There is still much room for improvement in the level of occupational health literacy in this area. In the future, the relevant work focus of occupational health literacy should be based on gender, education level, average weekly working hours and basic skills of occupational health protection, so as to improve the overall level of occupational health literacy in a targeted and overall manner.