货车时间限行措施下中心城区物流中心选址的多目标优化模型

Multi-Objective Optimization Model of Logistics Site Selection in Urban Area Considering Time Restriction of Trucks

摘要: 本文从时间限行措施的角度考虑中心城区物流配送中心选址问题，是城市物流选址问题的新拓展。基于时间限行措施这一概念，考虑时间限行措施对包裹在搬运、运输等处理环节的影响，建立以总物流成本最小，末端需求点的时间满意度最大的双目标选址模型；运用精英保留策略的非支配排序算法求解时间限行措施下物流配送中心选址模型，并通过与CPLEX运算结果对比，验证该算法对于求解本模型的有效性；基于上海大虹桥商区顺丰企业的运营数据，优化上海大虹桥商区物流配送中心选址布局。研究结果表明：(1) CPLEX运算结果与本文模型目标函数值结果相差在4%以内，且能够得到较好的运算结果；(2) 上海大虹桥商区物流配送中心选址布局优化方案和顺丰企业现有的物流网络布局相比，包裹单均成本相比降低17.07%；(3) 时间限行时长增加后，总成本增加部分中61%来源于运输成本的上升，时间限行时长对运输成本影响显著；(4) 在时间限行时长一定的条件下，早晚高峰的分段限行有利于提高满意度。

Abstract: This article proposes a new extension of urban logistics location issues by considering the location problem of logistics distribution centers in the central urban area from the perspective of truck time-limited measures. Based on the concept of truck time-limited measures, the study considers the impact of such measures on the handling and transportation of packages and establishes a multi-objective location model that minimizes the total logistics cost and maximizes the time satisfaction of the end demand points. The non-dominated sorting algorithm with elite reserve strategy is applied to solve the model. Based on the operational data of SF Express in the Dahongqiao commercial area in Shanghai, the location layout of logistics distribution centers is optimized. The research results show that: (1) Compared with the existing logistics network layout of SF Express, the optimized location layout of logistics distribution centers in the Dahongqiao commercial area can reduce the average package cost by 17.07%; (2) With an increase in the duration of truck time-limited measures, 61% of the increase in total cost comes from the rise in transportation cost, indicating a significant impact of truck time-limited measures on transportation cost; (3) Under a certain duration of truck time-limited measures, segmenting the restrictions during peak hours is beneficial for improving satisfaction.