多波段天文学的发展与应用回顾
A Review of the Development and Applications of Multiband Astronomy
摘要: 多波段天文学是通过不同电磁波波段的联合观测来研究宇宙的复杂现象，极大扩展了天文学家对天体物理现象的理解。从可见光到红外、射电、X射线和γ射线，各波段揭示了天体的不同物理特性，使得我们能够观测到恒星的生命周期、星系形成、黑洞吸积和高能事件等。本文回顾了多波段天文学的发展历程及其在天文学中的应用，重点讨论了无线电天文学和X射线、γ射线观测的突破性进展。未来，随着新一代观测工具如詹姆斯·韦伯空间望远镜、平方公里阵列望远镜(SKA)和天眼FAST的投入使用，多波段联合观测将继续推动对黑洞、脉冲星及宇宙早期的研究，为理解暗物质和暗能量提供新的视角。
Abstract: Multiband astronomy leverages the combined observations across different electromagnetic wavebands to study complex cosmic phenomena, significantly expanding astronomers’ understanding of astrophysical processes. From visible light to infrared, radio, X-rays, and gamma rays, each waveband reveals distinct physical characteristics of celestial objects, allowing for the observation of stellar life cycles, galaxy formation, black hole accretion, and high-energy events. This paper reviews the historical development of multiband astronomy and its applications, with a particular focus on breakthroughs in radio astronomy and X-ray/gamma-ray observations. Looking ahead, with the advent of next-generation observational tools such as the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST), the Square Kilometre Array (SKA), and the Chinese FAST telescope, multiband joint observations will continue to drive research into black holes, pulsars, and the early universe, offering new insights into dark matter and dark energy.
文章引用：徐逸飞, 李旭. 多波段天文学的发展与应用回顾[J]. 天文与天体物理, 2025, 13(1): 11-19. https://doi.org/10.12677/aas.2025.131002

参考文献

[1] 赵君亮. 多波段天文学[J]. 自然杂志, 2007, 29(4): 193-199.
[2] 小田直树, 蔡仁兴. 红外天文学展望[J]. 世界科学, 1984(7): 36-38.
[3] 李芝萍. 迅速发展的红外天文学[J]. 现代物理知识, 1994, 6(6): 11-13.
[4] 杜威. 红外空间望远镜简史[J]. 太空探索, 2022(1): 54-61.
[5] 杜骏豪. 一文读懂詹姆斯∙韦伯空间望远镜[J]. 太空探索, 2022(1): 38-44.
[6] 李芝萍. 浅谈紫外天文学的发展[J]. 现代物理知识, 1995, 7(1): 9-11.
[7] National Radio Astronomy Observatory (2019) Jansky at 90: The Origins of a New Window on the Universe.
https://public.nrao.edu/news/jansky-90-the-origins-of-a-new-window-on-the-universe
[8] Green Bank Telescope.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Green_Bank_Telescope
[9] 安利. 世界上八座大型射电望远镜[J]. 百科知识, 2016(16): 8-9.
[10] 唐琳. “中国天眼” FAST取得系列重要进展[J]. 科学新闻, 2023, 25(1): 10.
[11] 中国科学院国家天文台. 斯蒂芬五重星系红外波段彩图[EB/OL].
https://nao.cas.cn/news/gd/202210/t20221020_6535855.html, 2022-10-20.
[12] NASA. Uhuru: The First X-Ray Astronomy Satellite.
https://heasarc.gsfc.nasa.gov/docs/uhuru/uhuru.html
[13] 王春燕, 陈岗, 王福合. X射线在天体物理学的应用[J]. 现代物理知识, 2016, 28(6): 60-64.
[14] NASA. NASA’s Fermi Telescope Finds Giant Structure in Our Galaxy.
https://www.nasa.gov/universe/nasas-fermi-telescope-finds-giant-structure-in-our-galaxy
[15] Kanbach, G. (2019) Gamma-Ray Astrophysics: Roots, Growth, and Success. Rendiconti Lincei. Scienze Fisiche e Naturali, 30, 7-12.
[16] NASA. Fermi Gamma-Ray Space Telescope Mission.
https://science.nasa.gov/mission/fermi
[17] NASA. NASA Missions Catch First Light from a Gravitational Wave Event.
https://science.nasa.gov/missions/chandra-x-ray-observatory/nasa-missions-catch-first-light-from-a-gravitational-wave-event/
[18] The Event Horizon Telescope Collaboration (2019) First Image of a Black Hole in the M87 Galaxy. Astrophysical Journal Letters, 875, L1-L6.
[19] Qi, J.-Z., et al. (2021) Using a Multi-Messenger and Multi-Wavelength Observational Strategy to Probe the Nature of Dark Energy through Direct Measurements of Cosmic Expansion History. JCAP, 12, 42.
https://arxiv.org/abs/2102.01292
[20] Ghasemi-Nodehi, M., Chakraborty, C., Yu, Q., et al. (2021) Investigating the Existence of Gravitomagnetic Monopole in M87*. European Physical Journal C, 81, Article No. 939.
[21] Dokuchaev, V.I. and Nazarova, N.O. (2021) Modeling the Motion of a Bright Spot in Jets from Black Holes M87* and SgrA*. General Relativity and Gravitation, 53, Article No. 83.

为你推荐