作为“科学”的科学与作为“文化”的科学

Science as “Science” and Science as “Culture”

摘要: 作为“科学”的科学是具有普遍性和真理性的，这也是人们对科学常有的印象。而作为“文化”的科学，则将科学作为特殊文化的产物和特殊的文化部门。科学在现代社会所占有的地位是和科学在生产生活与战争中功效性分不开的。而科学文化在资本主义社会遭受着四重异化，其未来应该由关于资本的科学向关于人的科学转化。

Abstract: As a “science”, science is universal and rational, which is also a common image people have of science. As a science of “culture”, science is regarded as a product of special culture and a special cultural department. The position of science in modern society is inseparable from its effectiveness in production, life, and warfare. And scientific culture is suffering from four-fold alienation in capitalist society, and its future should be transformed from a science about capital to a science about human beings.