《你当像鸟飞往你的山》中译本的归化异化策略分析

Analysis of the Domestication and Foreignization Strategies in the Chinese Translation of Educated: A Memoir

摘要: 《你当像鸟飞往你的山》作为塔拉·韦斯特弗的纪实佳作，自2018年问世以来便广受全球读者赞誉。尽管该书已由任爱红译成中文，并在中国读者中产生了深远影响，但针对其中文译本的翻译策略研究却尚显不足。本研究旨在深入剖析《你当像鸟飞往你的山》汉译过程中归化与异化策略的应用情况，以填补这一研究空白。通过对中文译本中归化与异化策略的具体实例进行详尽列举与细致分析，本研究发现，在翻译实践中，异化策略的使用频率显著高于归化策略。这一发现并非偶然，而是基于原著的文化特性和回忆录体裁的特殊性。归化策略的应用主要集中于处理文化差异较大的部分，以确保译文对中国读者的可读性和接受度，这些归化实例因此具有较强的典型性和针对性。相比之下，由于原著本身具有鲜明的个人回忆和文化背景，异化策略在译文中得到了广泛应用，旨在最大限度地保留原著的内容意义、语言风格和文化内涵。本研究结果进一步印证了劳伦斯·韦努蒂关于异化策略在翻译中的重要性的观点，即在特定文本语境下，异化策略不仅能够有效传达原著的深层含义，还能促进文化交流与融合。因此，《你当像鸟飞往你的山》的中文译本在归化与异化策略的选择上，既体现了对原著文化特色的尊重与传承，也兼顾了中国读者的阅读习惯与审美需求。

Abstract: Educated: A Memoir, written by Tara Westover, has received widespread praise from readers worldwide since its 2018 release. Although Ren Aihong’s Chinese translation has made a profound impact on Chinese audiences, research into the translation strategies used in this version is still scarce. This study seeks to explore the utilization of domestication and foreignization techniques in the Chinese translation of the memoir, thereby filling this research void. By providing detailed examples and carefully analyzing cases of domestication and foreignization in the translation, this study unveils that foreignization is employed more frequently than domestication. This observation is not coincidental but rather rooted in the cultural nuances of the original work and the distinctive qualities of the memoir genre. Domestication techniques are predominantly used to tackle passages with significant cultural disparities, ensuring the translation is readable and acceptable to Chinese readers. As a result, these domestication examples are highly representative. Conversely, due to the unique personal narratives and cultural setting of the source text, the foreignization strategy is widely adopted in the translation, aiming to retain as much of the original’s content, language style, and cultural undertones as possible. The study’s results further support Lawrence Venuti’s viewpoint on the importance of the foreignization strategy in translation. In certain textual contexts, foreignization not only effectively communicates the deeper meanings of the original but also promotes cultural exchange and fusion. Thus, the Chinese translation of Educated: A Memoir showcases a thoughtful balance in choosing domestication and foreignization strategies, reflecting both reverence for and preservation of the original’s cultural attributes, while also considering the reading habits and aesthetic preferences of Chinese readers.