膀胱癌肿瘤免疫微环境中免疫抑制性细胞作用的研究进展

The Role of Immunosuppressive Cells in TME during the Progression of Bladder Cancer

摘要: 膀胱癌(Bladder Cancer, BC)是一种潜在的致死性泌尿系统恶性肿瘤，发病率高，复发率和转移率也很高。肌层浸润性膀胱癌的预后更差。最新研究表明，肿瘤微环境(Tumor Microenvironment, TME)在BC的发展过程中起着至关重要的作用。TME由肿瘤细胞、免疫细胞、基质细胞、血管和细胞外基质(Extracellular Matrix, ECM)组成。其中免疫抑制细胞通过多种机制对BC的发生和发展起重要的免疫抑制作用。目前对免疫抑制细胞在BC中的作用还缺乏全面了解。因此，我们总结了免疫抑制细胞在膀胱癌微环境中的作用，为膀胱癌患者提供可能的治疗策略。

Abstract: Bladder cancer (BC), a potentially fatal malignancy of the urinary system, is highly prevalent with high rates of recurrence and metastasis. Furthermore, when it progresses into the muscle-invasive stage, it then leads to poor prognosis. Recent studies have shown that the tumor microenvironment (TME) plays a critical role in the progression of BC. TME is composed of tumor cells, immune cells, stromal cells, blood vessels and extracellular matrix (ECM). Among all components in TME, there is a very distinct group of cells defined as immunosuppressive cells, which have immunosuppressive influence on the process of tumorigenesis and progression of BC through multiple mechanisms. In recent decades, there is increasing focus on the immunosuppressive cells. However, there lacks a comprehensive understanding of immunosuppressive cells in BC. Herein, we summarized the role of immunosuppressive cells within the bladder cancer microenvironment, providing therapeutical strategies to potentially benefit BC patients.