不同换电主导权下考虑充电用户比例的新能源汽车供应链定价决策研究

Research on Pricing Strategy of New Energy Vehicle Supply Chain with Different Battery Swapping Dominance

摘要: 在新能源汽车换电模式背景下，分别构建了整车制造商和电池制造商不同换电主导权的供应链Stackelberg博弈模型，探讨了充电用户比例、换电服务时长对企业利润及其定价决策的影响。研究发现：(1) 相较于传统充电模式，发展换电模式可使整车制造商和电池制造商的利润均获得提高，换电主导权直接决定企业利润；(2) 在一定范围内，换电服务时长增加会使换电服务价格不断降低；相较于整车制造商，由电池制造商主导的换电模式在定价和利润上更具优势；(3) 不同换电主导权下，充电用户比例的增加均会使电池制造商利润减少，且对换电模式主导者的影响更为显著。

Abstract: Under the background of Battery Swapping Mode, Stackelberg game models of different supply chain dominance of vehicle manufacturers and battery manufacturers were constructed, to discuss the influence of proportion of charging user, consumers’ average battery rental duration on manufacturers’ profits and pricing decisions. The study found that: (1) compared to traditional charging modes, the development of battery swapping mode can increase the profits of both vehicle manufacturers and battery manufacturers, and the dominance directly determines the profits of enterprises; (2) Within a certain range, the increase in the duration of battery swapping services leads to a continuous decrease in the price of battery swapping services; Compared to vehicle manufacturers, the battery swapping mode led by battery manufacturers has more advantages in pricing and profit; (3) Under different dominant power of battery swapping, the increase in the proportion of charging users will reduce the profits of battery manufacturers, and the impact on the dominant power of battery swapping mode will be more significant.