母语者与高级汉语学习者同情语语用策略的对比研究

The Contrastive Study on the Pragmatic Strategies of Sympathetic Speech between Native Speakers and Advanced Chinese Learners

摘要: 在全球化发展的背景下，跨文化交际不可避免，其中同情语言作为语用交际中的重要组成部分，在维系社会关系和促进情感交流方面具有不可替代的作用。在不同文化语境下，交际者使用的同情语策略不仅反映了其个人情感表达方式，更折射出其背后受文化影响的面子观念。基于Erving Goffman的面子理论，分析高级汉语学习者与母语者在五种同情语语用策略上的差异。研究结果显示，母语者更倾向于使用情感化和人际导向的策略，而学习者更倾向于理性化和问题解决策略，二者在语用策略的多样性和适当性上表现出显著差异。本研究旨在揭示语言学习者在同情表达中的语用挑战，为跨文化语用研究及汉语教学提供新的视角。

Abstract: In the context of globalization, cross-cultural communication has become inevitable. Sympathetic speech, as a crucial component of pragmatic interaction, plays an irreplaceable role in maintaining social relationships and facilitating emotional exchanges. In different cultural contexts, the pragmatic strategies of sympathetic speech not only reflect individuals’ personal emotional expressions but also reveal the influence of culturally shaped face perceptions. Drawing upon Erving Goffman’s face theory, this study analyzes the differences in five pragmatic strategies of sympathetic speech between advanced Chinese learners and native speakers. The findings indicate that native speakers prefer emotional and relationally oriented strategies, whereas learners tend to adopt rational and problem-solving approaches. Significant differences were observed in the diversity and appropriateness of pragmatic strategies. This research aims to uncover the pragmatic challenges faced by language learners in expressing sympathy, providing insights into cross-cultural pragmatics and Chinese language teaching.