国际商事仲裁中的禁诉令制度研究

Research on the Anti-Suit Injunction in International Commercial Arbitration

摘要: 禁诉令是一种起源于英国的处理平行程序的独特救济方式，其在国际商事仲裁中的适用，不同于在国际民事诉讼程序中的适用，主要是为了协调法院与仲裁庭之间的管辖权冲突，往往不涉及公共利益，且对国际礼让的考察相对宽松。国际商事仲裁中禁诉令的签发主体包括法院和仲裁庭，经对比研讨可发现，这两者签发禁诉令条件的起点都在确认仲裁协议的有效性，且最明显的差别在于对国际礼让因素的考察。我国商事仲裁禁诉令制度的立法和实践几乎为空白，这使得我国落后于国际禁诉令制度的发展趋势，学者对于在国内使用禁诉令众说纷纭，并各自提出了相应的解决方案，这对我国禁诉令制度的构建启发颇深。

Abstract: Anti-suit injunctions are a unique form of relief that originated from the UK for dealing with parallel proceedings. Their application in international commercial arbitration differs from that in international civil litigation, mainly aiming to reconcile jurisdictional conflicts between courts and arbitral tribunals. The issuance of such injunctions often does not involve public interests and the examination of international comity is relatively lenient. In international commercial arbitration, the issuers of anti-suit injunctions include courts and arbitral tribunals. Through comparative study, it can be found that the starting point for both to issue anti-suit injunctions is the confirmation of the validity of the arbitration agreement, and the most obvious difference lies in the examination of the international comity factor. The legislation and practice of the anti-suit injunction system in China’s commercial arbitration are almost blank, which makes China lag behind the development trend of the international anti-suit injunction system. Scholars have diverse opinions on the use of anti-suit injunctions domestically and have proposed corresponding solutions respectively, which provide significant inspiration for the construction of China’s anti-suit injunction system.