化归思想在初中数学教学中的应用

The Application of the Idea of Naturalization in the Teaching of Mathematics in Junior High School

摘要: 化归思想是一种重要的数学思想方法。化归思想是指在解决问题时，将一个复杂、陌生、难以解决的问题，通过某种转化过程，归结为一个简单、熟悉、易于解决的问题，使问题朝着有利于解决的方向发展的一种思想方法。课程标准着重指出，数学的学习不应仅仅局限于基础知识的传授，更要注重数学思想方法的培育与运用。其中，化归思想在教师教学、学生学习中都发挥着重要的作用。然而，从当前的实际教学状况来看，由于受到多种因素的综合干扰，初中数学在化归思想的教学环节中暴露出诸多问题，致使其在教学中的渗透程度未能达到理想的预期效果。本文通过查阅文献，归纳总结了化归思想在国内外的研究现状，梳理了化归思想的内涵及相关理论依据，并在此基础上运用多种研究方法分析了初中数学教学中化归思想的运用及渗透现状，最后，给出了一些教学建议。

Abstract: The idea of transformation is an important mathematical thinking method. The idea of transformation refers to the process of solving problems by transforming a complex, unfamiliar and difficult problem into a simple, familiar and easy-to-solve problem, so as to make the problem develop in a direction that is conducive to its solution. The curriculum standards emphasize that the learning of mathematics should not only be limited to the imparting of basic knowledge, but also pay attention to the cultivation and application of mathematical thinking methods. Among them, the idea of transformation plays an important role in both teachers’ teaching and students’ learning. However, from the current actual teaching situation, due to the combined interference of various factors, many problems have emerged in the teaching of the idea of transformation in junior high school mathematics, resulting in the penetration degree of this idea in teaching not reaching the expected ideal effect. This thesis, through literature review, summarizes the research status of the idea of transformation at home and abroad, sorts out the connotation and related theoretical basis of the idea of transformation, and on this basis, uses multiple research methods to analyze the application and penetration status of the idea of transformation in junior high school mathematics teaching. Finally, some teaching suggestions are given.