海洋环境污染的刑事追责的立法完善

Legislative Improvement of Criminal Recourse for Marine Environmental Pollution

摘要: 我国作为海洋大国却在海洋环境污染的刑事追责立法方面有着不少的缺陷，如仍秉持着人类中心主义的立法理念、概括式规制环境污染行为从而使海洋环境污染行为得不到合理的调控以及刑罚配置不匹配等问题。然刑事立法是保护海洋环境的必要手段，必须加以完善，使海洋环境得到更好的保护。因此，笔者通过对国际经验的借鉴与总结，认为我国应当将立法理念转变为生态中心主义，并将环境法益纳入到刑法保护的范围之中，细化环境污染罪名，增设危险犯，最后还需完善配套刑罚与非刑罚制度，为我国的海洋环境提供更好的法律保障。

Abstract: Although China is a big marine country, but in the marine environment pollution criminal liability legislation in our country has a lot of defects, such as still uphold the anthropocentric legislative concept, generalized regulation of environmental pollution behavior so that the marine environmental pollution behavior can not be reasonably regulated as well as the penalty configuration mismatch and other issues. However, criminal legislation is a necessary means to protect the marine environment, must be improved, so that the marine environment is better protected. Therefore, through the reference and summary of international experience, the author believes that our country should change the legislative concept to ecocentrism, and environmental benefits into the scope of criminal law protection, refine the environmental pollution crimes, increase the dangerous crime, and finally need to improve the matching penalties and non-penal system, to provide a better legal protection for China’s marine environment.