论电子商务平台经营者的安全保障义务

On the Security Obligations of E-Commerce Platform Operators

摘要: 本文探讨了电子商务平台经营者的安全保障义务，分析了其背景、存在的问题以及学术界对其性质的不同观点。文章认为电商平台经营者的安全保障义务兼具法定义务和合同义务的双重性质，并从风险预防、风险避免和风险救助三个方面具体阐述了安保义务的内容。在风险预防方面，强调了资质审核义务和风险告知义务的重要性；在风险避免方面，讨论了电商平台经营者应采取的措施以规避交易风险；在风险救助方面，指出了平台经营者在消费者权益受损时应采取的救助措施。文章还对电商平台经营者违反安全保障义务的法律责任形态进行了分析，提出了多元说中的连带责任与补充责任结合适用的观点。通过对这些问题的深入分析，本文旨在为电商平台经营者、消费者以及立法和司法实践提供指导，以促进电子商务行业的健康发展。

Abstract: This article discusses the safety and security obligations of e-commerce platform operators, analyzing their background, existing problems and the different views of academics on their nature. The article argues that the safety and security obligations of e-commerce platform operators combine the dual nature of statutory and contractual obligations, and specifically elaborates on the content of the security obligations from three aspects: risk prevention, risk avoidance and risk relief. In terms of risk prevention, it emphasizes the importance of the qualification audit obligation and the risk notification obligation; in terms of risk avoidance, it discusses the measures that the e-commerce platform operator should take to avoid the transaction risks; and in terms of risk relief, it points out the relief measures that should be taken by the platform operator in case of damage to the rights and interests of consumers. The article also examines the form of legal liability for the e-commerce platform operator’s violation of safety and security obligations, and puts forward the viewpoint that joint and several liability and supplementary liability in the pluralistic theory are applicable in combination. Through in-depth analyses of these issues, this article aims to provide guidance to e-commerce platform operators, consumers, as well as legislative and judicial practices, in order to promote the healthy development of the e-commerce industry.