基于自适应非奇异快速终端滑模观测器的PMSM无传感器控制策略
PMSM Sensorless Control Strategy Based on Adaptive Non-Singular Fast Terminal Sliding Mode Observer
摘要: 对于永磁同步电机(Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor, PMSM)，高性能的控制策略依赖于传感器来获取转子位置和速度的精确信息。然而，由于传感器引入的成本、安装误差以及可能的传感器故障等问题，逐渐发展出了无速度传感器控制技术。其中，基于滑模观测器(Sliding Mode Observer, SMO)的无传感器控制方法因其结构简单且鲁棒性强，受到了广泛关注。然而，在使用滑模观测器进行永磁同步电机位置观测时，常会出现抖振现象及观测速度较慢的问题。为了解决这一问题并提升永磁同步电机控制系统的性能与控制精度，本文提出了以下改进方案：首先，研究了一种积分非奇异快速终端滑模观测器，旨在提高观测器的响应速度。其次，设计了一种自适应滑模控制律，进一步减少非奇异快速终端滑模观测器的抖振，最后根据上述改进提出一种自适应非奇异快速终端滑模观测器(Adaptive Non-Singular Fast Terminal Sliding Mode Observer, ANFTSMO)，并用李亚普诺夫稳定性理论对系统进行了严格分析，证明了该观测器的稳定性。
Abstract: For Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motors (PMSM), high-performance control strategies rely on sensors to obtain accurate rotor position and speed information. However, due to issues such as the cost of sensors, installation errors, and potential sensor failures, sensorless control techniques have gradually been developed. Among these, sensorless control methods based on Sliding Mode Observers (SMO) have gained widespread attention due to their simple structure and strong robustness. However, when using SMO for position estimation in PMSM, problems such as chattering and slow observation speed often occur. To address these issues and enhance the performance and control accuracy of the PMSM control system, the following improvements are proposed: First, an Integral Non-Singular Fast Terminal Sliding Mode Observer is designed to improve the observer’s response speed. Second, an adaptive sliding mode control law is designed to further reduce chattering in the Non-Singular Fast Terminal Sliding Mode Observer. Finally, based on these improvements, an Adaptive Non-Singular Fast Terminal Sliding Mode Observer (ANFTSMO) is proposed. The stability of the observer is rigorously analyzed using Lyapunov stability theory, proving the stability of the system.
文章引用：杨威. 基于自适应非奇异快速终端滑模观测器的PMSM无传感器控制策略[J]. 建模与仿真, 2025, 14(2): 425-434. https://doi.org/10.12677/mos.2025.142164

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