流动儿童亲子与同伴依恋对内化问题的影响：链式中介作用
Influence of Parental and Peer Attachment on Internalizing Problems in Migrant Children: The Chain Mediating Effect
摘要: 为探究流动儿童亲子依恋与同伴依恋和内化问题的关系，采用修订后的父母与同伴依恋问卷、自我调节量表中的情绪调节分量表、儿童拒绝敏感性问卷和儿童长处与困难问卷对230名流动儿童进行调查。结果发现，亲子与同伴依恋对流动儿童的拒绝敏感性和内化问题均具有显著负向预测作用，对情绪调节能力均具有显著正向预测作用。情绪调节能力分别在亲子和同伴依恋与内化问题之间起到部分中介作用。拒绝敏感性和情绪调节能力在同伴依恋与内化问题之间起到链式中介作用。
Abstract: To explore the relationship between parental and peer attachment and internalizing problems in migrant children, a survey was conducted with 230 migrant children using the revised Inventory of Parent and Peer Attachment (IPPA), the Emotion Regulation subscale of the Self-Regulation Scale, the Children’s Rejection Sensitivity Questionnaire, and the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ). The results showed that both parental and peer attachment significantly negatively predicted rejection sensitivity and internalizing problems, while positively predicting emotion regulation ability. Emotion regulation ability partially mediated the relationship between both types of attachment and internalizing problems. Additionally, rejection sensitivity and emotion regulation ability jointly acted as a chain mediation mechanism between peer attachment and internalizing problems.
文章引用：梁竞元, 吴子瑄, 阮舒怡 (2025). 流动儿童亲子与同伴依恋对内化问题的影响：链式中介作用. 心理学进展, 15(2), 555-566. https://doi.org/10.12677/ap.2025.152118

参考文献

[1] 陈立, 王倩, 赵微, 王庭照(2021). 早期社会剥夺的发展风险与儿童依恋障碍. 学前教育研究, (10), 22-31.
[2] 戴逸茹, 李岩梅(2018). 居住流动性对心理行为的影响. 心理科学, 41(5), 1185-1191.
[3] 丁雪辰, 叶贝, 万旋傲, 李丹, 桑标(2018). 儿童拒绝敏感性问卷在中国小学生中的初步应用. 中国临床心理学杂志, 26(3), 512-516.
[4] 韩嘉玲, 等(2020). 流动儿童与留守儿童定义的变迁及新特征. 民族教育研究, 31(6), 81-88.
[5] 胡冰, 张春妹, 韩晓(2013). 同伴关系对流动儿童心理适应的影响研究. 中小学德育, (12), 23-27.
[6] 寇建华, 杜亚松, 夏黎明(2007). 长处和困难问卷(学生版)上海常模的制订. 中国健康心理学杂志, 15(1), 3-5.
[7] 李嘉婷, 刘竞(2023). 青少年非自杀性自伤与依恋、情绪调节关系的研究进展. 神经疾病与精神卫生, 23(9), 655-659.
[8] 李艳红(2012). 国内流动儿童社会适应研究述评. 中国特殊教育, (6), 50-55.
[9] 刘成伟, 王茂文, 唐敏燕(2022). 流动儿童亲子沟通与学习投入: 家庭亲密度与同伴关系的中介作用. 中国健康心理学杂志, 30(8), 1261-1265.
[10] 倪士光, 李虹(2014). 流动儿童认同整合与歧视知觉的关系: 社会支持和应对方式的作用. 心理发展与教育, 30(1), 31-38.
[11] 师保国, 王芳, 刘霞, 康义然(2014). 国内流动儿童心理研究: 回顾与展望. 中国特殊教育, (11), 68-72.
[12] 孙育智(2004). 青少年的依附品质, 情绪智力与适应之关系. 国立中山大学.
[13] 熊猛, 叶一舵(2011). 中国城市农民工子女心理健康研究述评. 心理科学进展, 19(12), 1798-1813.
[14] 杨阿丽, 赵洪朋(2011). 生活事件, 社会支持与流动儿童问题行为的关系. 心理研究, 4(6), 67-71.
[15] 张莹瑞, 李涛(2013). 拒绝敏感的认知与神经机制. 心理科学进展, 21(11), 1939.
[16] 郑沁怡, 丁雪辰, 刘影, 万旋傲, 桑标(2019). 儿童社交自我知觉与抑郁感的关系: 拒绝敏感性的中介作用与情绪调节能力的调节作用. 中国临床心理学杂志, 27(5), 894-899.
[17] Achenbach, T. M., & Rescorla, L. A. (2001). Manual for the ASEBA School Age Forms and Profiles. University of Vermont, Research Center for Children, Youth, and Families.
[18] Adler, N. E., & Stewart, J. (2010). Health Disparities across the Lifespan: Meaning, Methods, and Mechanisms. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 1186, 5-23.[CrossRef] [PubMed]
[19] Armsden, G. C., & Greenberg, M. T. (1987). The Inventory of Parent and Peer Attachment: Individual Differences and Their Relationship to Psychological Well-Being in Adolescence. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 16, 427-454.[CrossRef] [PubMed]
[20] Bäck, E. A., Bäck, H., & Knapton, H. M. (2015). Group Belongingness and Collective Action: Effects of Need to Belong and Rejection Sensitivity on Willingness to Participate in Protest Activities. Scandinavian Journal of Psychology, 56, 537-544.[CrossRef] [PubMed]
[21] Bowlby, J. (1979). The Bowlby-Ainsworth Attachment Theory. Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 2, 637-638.[CrossRef] 
[22] Bronfenbrenner, U. (1986). Recent Advances in Research on the Ecology of Human Development. In R. K. Silbereisen, K. Eyferth, & G. Rudinger (Eds.), Development as Action in Context (pp. 287-309). Springer.[CrossRef] 
[23] Bronfenbrenner, U. (1998). The Ecology of Developmental Processes. In W. Damon, & R. M. Lerner (Eds.), Handbook of Child Psychology (Vol. 1, pp. 993-1028). John Wiley & Sons.
[24] Brumariu, L. E., & Kerns, K. A. (2010). Parent-Child Attachment and Internalizing Symptoms in Childhood and Adolescence: A Review of Empirical Findings and Future Directions. Development and Psychopathology, 22, 177-203.[CrossRef] [PubMed]
[25] Calkins, S. D., Blandon, A. Y., Williford, A. P., & Keane, S. P. (2007). Biological, Behavioral, and Relational Levels of Resilience in the Context of Risk for Early Childhood Behavior Problems. Development and Psychopathology, 19, 675-700.[CrossRef] [PubMed]
[26] Chen, X., Fu, R., Liu, J., Wang, L., Zarbatany, L., & Ellis, W. (2018). Social Sensitivity and Social, School, and Psychological Adjustment among Children across Contexts. Developmental Psychology, 54, 1124-1134.[CrossRef] [PubMed]
[27] Compas, B. E., Jaser, S. S., Bettis, A. H., Watson, K. H., Gruhn, M. A., Dunbar, J. P. et al. (2017). Coping, Emotion Regulation, and Psychopathology in Childhood and Adolescence: A Meta-Analysis and Narrative Review. Psychological Bulletin, 143, 939-991.[CrossRef] [PubMed]
[28] Criss, M. M., Pettit, G. S., Bates, J. E., Dodge, K. A., & Lapp, A. L. (2002). Family Adversity, Positive Peer Relationships, and Children’s Externalizing Behavior: A Longitudinal Perspective on Risk and Resilience. Child Development, 73, 1220-1237.[CrossRef] [PubMed]
[29] Ding, X., Ooi, L. L., Coplan, R. J., Zhang, W., & Yao, W. (2021). Longitudinal Relations between Rejection Sensitivity and Adjustment in Chinese Children: Moderating Effect of Emotion Regulation. The Journal of Genetic Psychology, 182, 422-434.[CrossRef] [PubMed]
[30] Downey, G., & Feldman, S. (1996). Implications of Rejection Sensitivity for Intimate Relationships . Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 70, 1327-1343.[CrossRef] 
[31] Eisenberg, N., Fabes, R. A., Guthrie, I. K., & Reiser, M. (2000). Dispositional Emotionality and Regulation: Their Role in Predicting Quality of Social Functioning. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 78, 136-157.[CrossRef] 
[32] Fang, J., Wang, Y., Du, Y., Yan, G., Ma, F., Liu, Y. et al. (2020). Migrant Adolescents’ Behavioral Problems Compared to Host Adolescents and Adolescents in Their Region of Origin: A Longitudinal Study. BMC Psychiatry, 20, Article No. 472.[CrossRef] [PubMed]
[33] Feeney, J. A. (1995). Adult Attachment and Emotional Control. Personal Relationships, 2, 143-159.[CrossRef] 
[34] Gao, S., Assink, M., Cipriani, A., & Lin, K. (2017). Associations between Rejection Sensitivity and Mental Health Outcomes: A Meta-Analytic Review. Clinical Psychology Review, 57, 59-74.[CrossRef] [PubMed]
[35] Gardner, A. A., Zimmer‐Gembeck, M. J., & Campbell, S. M. (2020). Attachment and Emotion Regulation: A Person‐Centred Examination and Relations with Coping with Rejection, Friendship Closeness, and Emotional Adjustment. British Journal of Developmental Psychology, 38, 125-143.[CrossRef] [PubMed]
[36] Goodman, R. (1997). The Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire: A Research Note. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 38, 581-586.[CrossRef] [PubMed]
[37] Hartup, W. W. (1989). Social Relationships and Their Developmental Significance. American Psychologist, 44, 120-126.[CrossRef] 
[38] Hobfoll, S. E. (2011). Conservation of Resources Theory: Its Implication for Stress, Health, and Resilience. In S. Folkman (Ed.), The Oxford Handbook of Stress, Health, and Coping (pp. 127-147). Oxford University Press.
[39] Hobfoll, S. E., Halbesleben, J., Neveu, J., & Westman, M. (2018). Conservation of Resources in the Organizational Context: The Reality of Resources and Their Consequences. Annual Review of Organizational Psychology and Organizational Behavior, 5, 103-128.[CrossRef] 
[40] Kerns, K. A., & Brumariu, L. E. (2014). Is Insecure Parent-Child Attachment a Risk Factor for the Development of Anxiety in Childhood or Adolescence? Child Development Perspectives, 8, 12-17.[CrossRef] [PubMed]
[41] Khoshkam, S., Bahrami, F., Ahmadi, S. A., Fatehizade, M., & Etemadi, O. (2012). Attachment Style and Rejection Sensitivity: The Mediating Effect of Self-Esteem and Worry among Iranian College Students. Europe’s Journal of Psychology, 8, 363-374.[CrossRef] 
[42] Levy, S. R., Ayduk, O., & Downey, G. (2001). The Role of Rejection Sensitivity in people’s Relationships with Significant Others and Valued Social Groups. Oxford University Press.
[43] Natarajan, G., Somasundaram, C. P., & Sundaram, K. R. (2011). Relationship between Attachment Security and Rejection Sensitivity in Early Adolescence. Psychological Studies, 56, 378-386.[CrossRef] 
[44] Nepon, T., Pepler, D. J., Craig, W. M., Connolly, J., & Flett, G. L. (2021). A Longitudinal Analysis of Peer Victimization, Self-Esteem, and Rejection Sensitivity in Mental Health and Substance Use among Adolescents. International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction, 19, 1135-1148.[CrossRef] 
[45] Novak, S. P., & Clayton, R. R. (2001). The Influence of School Environment and Self-Regulation on Transitions between Stages of Cigarette Smoking: A Multilevel Analysis. Health Psychology, 20, 196-207.[CrossRef] [PubMed]
[46] Roy, A. L., Isaia, A., & Li-Grining, C. P. (2019). Making Meaning from Money: Subjective Social Status and Young Children’s Behavior Problems. Journal of Family Psychology, 33, 240-245.[CrossRef] [PubMed]
[47] Rubin, K. H., Bukowski, W. M., & Bowker, J. C. (2015). Children in Peer Groups. In M. H. Bornstein, T. Leventhal, & R. M. Lerner (Eds.), Handbook of Child Psychology and Developmental Science: Ecological Settings and Processes (7th ed., pp. 175-222). John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
[48] Sroufe, L. A. (2005). Attachment and Development: A Prospective, Longitudinal Study from Birth to Adulthood. Attachment & Human Development, 7, 349-367.[CrossRef] [PubMed]
[49] Stifter, C. A. (2002). Individual Differences in Emotion Regulation in Infancy: A Thematic Collection. Infancy, 3, 129-132.[CrossRef] [PubMed]
[50] Suess, G. J., Grossmann, K. E., & Sroufe, L. A. (1992). Effects of Infant Attachment to Mother and Father on Quality of Adaptation in Preschool: From Dyadic to Individual Organisation of Self. International Journal of Behavioral Development, 15, 43-65.[CrossRef] 
[51] Zhou, Y., Bullock, A., Liu, J., Fu, R., Coplan, R. J., & Cheah, C. S. L. (2016). Validation of the Self-Regulation Scale in Chinese Children. Journal of Psychoeducational Assessment, 34, 589-594.[CrossRef] 
[52] Zimmer-Gembeck, M. J., Van Petegem, S., & Skinner, E. A. (2016). Emotion, Controllability and Orientation towards Stress as Correlates of Children’s Coping with Interpersonal Stress. Motivation and Emotion, 40, 178-191.[CrossRef]