年轻女性子宫癌肉瘤1例并文献复习

A Case of Uterine Carcinosarcoma in a Young Woman and Literature Review

摘要: 子宫癌肉瘤又称为恶性混合型中胚层瘤(uterine carcinosaroma, UCS)，在妇科恶性肿瘤中较为罕见，尽管UCS的发病率不到所有子宫恶性肿瘤的5%，但其死亡率超过16%。病理上具有特异性，包含癌和肉瘤两种成分。其临床症状与子宫内膜癌相似，主要表现为阴道流血、阴道排液、腹胀和下腹痛等。其恶性程度高，极易发生早期转移，主要影响绝经后妇女，年轻女性中极为少见。本文报道1例年轻女性子宫癌肉瘤，通过对该病例进行分析，以期为以后子宫癌肉瘤的临床研究提供参考。

Abstract: Uterine carcinosarcoma (UCS), also known as malignant mixed Müllerian tumor, is a rare type of gynecological malignancy. Although the incidence of UCS is less than 5% of all uterine malignancies, its mortality rate exceeds 16%. Pathologically, UCS is characterized by the presence of both carcinoma and sarcoma components. Its clinical symptoms are similar to those of endometrial cancer, mainly including vaginal bleeding, vaginal discharge, abdominal distension, and lower abdominal pain. UCS is highly malignant and prone to early metastasis, primarily affecting postmenopausal women, with very rare cases in younger women. This article reports a case of uterine carcinosarcoma in a young woman, and through analyzing this case, it aims to provide a reference for future clinical research on uterine carcinosarcoma.