美媒人工智能报道的态度资源比较分析

Comparative Analysis on AttitudeResources of AI-Related Reports from Two American Media Agencies

摘要: 人工智能近年发展迅猛，在医疗、教育、国防等诸多领域发挥了重要作用，一场围绕人工智能的竞赛悄然拉开序幕。本文分别从《纽约时报》和《The Verge》选取五篇人工智能有关报道，构建小型语料库，基于评价理论，通过UAM Corpus Tool 6软件辅助标注，比较分析所选文本的态度资源。研究发现，总体而言，所选文本以鉴别资源为主，其中又以社会价值最多，鉴别资源中正向评价和自言频次远多于负面(模糊)和他言；两家媒体对社会价值比较关注，大体上认为人工智能有益于社会发展，但The Verge同时表达了AI技术伦理问题的担忧。研究表明，《纽约时报》报道带有数字乌托邦色彩，而The Verge支持人工智能有益运动。本研究从美媒对人工智能的态度切入，以期厘清其对美国人工智能发展战略的促进作用。

Abstract: Artificial intelligence (AI) has developed rapidly in recent years, playing a significant role in various fields such as healthcare, education, and national defense. This article selects ten reports related to AI from The New York Times and The Verge. By conducting quantitative and qualitative analysis on these ten reports in accordance with Martin’s appraisal theory, this article finds that appreciation takes the dominance of attitude resources while social valuation dominates appreciation. In appreciation resources, the positive and monoglossic frequencies are much more than the negative and heteroglossic ones respectively. In addition, both The New York Times and The Verge show interest in the social values of AI, believing that it is beneficial to social development, but The Verge also expresses concerns about the ethical issues of AI technology. It turns out that The New York Times belongs to the Digital Utopians while The Verge is the Beneficial-AI Movement. This article is targeted at clarifying the promoting effects of American media’s attitudes towards AI on American AI strategies.