临床下癫痫样放电在儿童神经发育障碍中的研究进展
Research Progress of Subclinical Epileptiform Discharges in Childhood Neurodevelopmental Disorders
摘要: 临床下癫痫样放电(Subclinical Epileptiform Discharges, SEDs)本质是皮层兴奋–抑制网络失衡的神经电生理标志。研究表明，SEDs与高级皮层功能损害(如认知、语言及社交功能缺陷)密切相关。在神经发育障碍(Neurodevelopmental Disorders, NDDs)中，SEDs的检出率显著升高，且与疾病严重程度及远期癫痫转化风险有关，提示其可能作为NDDs共性病理表型和潜在治疗靶点。本文系统性综述：1) SEDs的多层级发生机制；2) SEDs与NDDs的双向关联；3) 抗癫痫药物对NDDs合并SEDs患儿的神经发育改善效应和局限性。以期加深对NDDs合并SEDs的认识以及为未来精准诊疗提供思路。
Abstract: Subclinical Epileptiform Discharges (SEDs) are essentially neurophysiological markers of the imbalance in the cortical excitation-inhibition network. Studies have shown that SEDs are closely associated with impairments in higher cortical functions, such as cognitive, language, and social deficits. The detection rate of SEDs in Neurodevelopmental Disorders (NDDs) is significantly higher and is associated with disease severity and long-term risk of epilepsy transformation, suggesting that SEDs may serve as a common pathological phenotype and potential therapeutic target for NDDs. This paper systematically reviews: 1) The multilevel mechanisms underlying SEDs; 2) The bidirectional relationship between SEDs and NDDs; 3) The neurodevelopmental improvement effects and limitations of antiepileptic drugs in children with NDDs and SEDs. The aim is to deepen the understanding of SEDs in the context of NDDs and provide insights for future precision diagnosis and treatment.
文章引用：叶鹏, 肖农. 临床下癫痫样放电在儿童神经发育障碍中的研究进展[J]. 临床医学进展, 2025, 15(3): 921-928. https://doi.org/10.12677/acm.2025.153695

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