食管胃静脉曲张内镜下治疗研究进展

Research Progress of Endoscopic Treatment of Esophagogastric Varices

摘要: 肝硬化患者常面临的一类临床并发症是食管胃静脉曲张，多与门静脉高压形成有关。因为曲张静脉易于破损，导致肝硬化食管胃底静脉曲张患者在临床容易发生出血，甚至导致死亡，这对患者的生存状况及预后造成了严重影响。随着EGVB诊断和治疗的进步，死亡率已显著下降，所以预防食管胃静脉曲张首次出血及预防再次出血显得尤为重要。目前治疗食管胃静脉曲张的方法有以下几种：药物治疗、内镜治疗、三腔两囊管、介入治疗、外科手术、肝移植等。因内镜下治疗与其他方法相比有更多的优点，本文就目前食管胃静脉曲张内镜下治疗相关方法作一综述。

Abstract: One type of clinical complication that patients with liver cirrhosis often face is esophagogastric varices, which are mostly associated with portal hypertension formation. Because varices are easily broken, patients with cirrhosis who have esophagogastric fundic varices are prone to clinical hemorrhage and even death, which has a serious impact on the survival and prognosis of patients. With the advances in the diagnosis and treatment of EGVB, the mortality rate has decreased significantly, so it is particularly important to prevent the first bleeding of esophagogastric varices and prevent rebleeding. Currently, there are several methods of treating esophagogastric varices, including medication, endoscopic treatment, triple-lumen and two-bladder tubes, interventional therapy, surgery, and liver transplantation. Because endoscopic treatment has more advantages than other methods, this article summarizes the current methods related to endoscopic treatment of esophagogastric varices.