哈尔滨市中央大街语言景观的历时与共时研究

A Diachronic and Synchronic Study of the Linguistic Landscape of Central Street in Harbin

摘要: 本研究深入探讨了哈尔滨市中央大街的语言景观，从历时和共时两个维度分析了其语言特征及其演变规律。研究发现，20世纪初俄语标牌占主导，但自50年代起汉语逐渐成为主流。近年来，中央大街呈现出多元化的语言生态趋势。历时性分析揭示了俄语单语标牌和俄汉双语标牌的变化趋势，而共时性对比则展现了不同社会群体在语言使用上的差异。研究结果不仅为理解哈尔滨的历史文化提供了新视角，也为城市语言规划提供了重要参考。

Abstract: This study conducts a comprehensive examination of the linguistic landscape of Central Street in Harbin, employing both diachronic and synchronic analytical frameworks to dissect its linguistic characteristics and evolutionary patterns. Our research reveals that, at the dawn of the 20th century, Russian signage held a dominant position; however, since the 1950s, Chinese signage has progressively gained prominence. Recently, Central Street has exhibited a notable trend toward linguistic diversification. The diachronic analysis elucidates the transitional dynamics observed in Russian monolingual and Russo-Chinese bilingual signage, whereas the synchronic comparison highlights the disparities in language utilization across various social demographics. These findings not only provide a novel perspective for understanding the historical and cultural fabric of Harbin but also constitute a pivotal reference for urban language planning endeavors.