基于SBM-DEA模型的新疆机场集团运营效率评估

Evaluation of Operational Efficiency of Xinjiang Airport Group Based on SBM-DEA Model

摘要: 本研究以新疆机场集团为研究对象，采用基于松弛的DEA (SBM-DEA)模型，结合非期望产出(如碳排放和旅客投诉量)和财务数据，全面评估了新疆17个机场2013年至2023年的运营效率。研究结果表明：1) 2013年至2019年期间，大部分机场的运营效率较高，尤其是在2016年、2018年和2019年，部分机场的效率值接近或达到1，表明资源配置和运营管理较为合理。2) 受新冠疫情影响，几乎所有机场在2020年和2021年的效率值均显著下降，尤其是2020年，效率值普遍低于0.5。3) 随着疫情逐渐得到控制，部分机场在2022年和2023年的效率值有所回升，尤其是乌鲁木齐地窝堡国际机场和喀什机场的效率值迅速恢复至1，显示出较强的恢复能力和较高的运营管理水平。

Abstract: Taking Xinjiang Airport Group as the research object, this study comprehensively evaluated the operational efficiency of 17 airports in Xinjiang from 2013 to 2023 by using a slightly-based DEA (SBM-DEA) model, combined with unexpected outputs (such as carbon emissions and passenger complaints) and financial data. The results show that: 1) During 2013 to 2019, the operation efficiency of most airports is relatively high, especially in 2016, 2018 and 2019, the efficiency value of some airports is close to or reaches 1, indicating that resource allocation and operation management are reasonable. 2) Due to the impact of the COVID-19 epidemic, almost all airports have significantly decreased their efficiency values in 2020 and 2021, especially in 2020, the efficiency value is generally lower than 0.5. 3) With the epidemic gradually under control, the efficiency values of some airports rebounded in 2022 and 2023, especially the efficiency values of Urumqi Diwopu International Airport and Kashgar Airport quickly recovered to 1, indicating strong resilience and high level of operation and management.