数字时代“通知–删除”规则的适用困境与优化路径研究

The Applicability Dilemmas and Optimization Pathways of the “Notice-Deletion” Rule in the Digital Era

摘要: 作为数字时代侵权治理的基石性制度，“通知–删除”规则在协调权利保障与平台发展维度具有不可替代的功能。但是，在数字技术加速演进的背景下，审视我国现行的“通知–删除”规则运行实效，发现其存在现有责任主体判定范式难以涵盖新型网络服务提供者、网络服务提供者采取必要措施时效缺乏量化标准以及反通知机制被架空这三重制度性适用困境。面对数字治理现代化的现实需求，本文针对性提出“通知–删除”规则制度优化路径，通过拓展责任主体范畴、构建时效梯度响应体系、健全反通知运行程序，以期构建起多方利益均衡的治理新范式。

Abstract: As a cornerstone institution for infringement governance in the digital era, the “Notice-Deletion” Rule plays an irreplaceable role in balancing rights protection and platform development. However, against the backdrop of accelerating digital technological advancements, an examination of the operational effectiveness of China’s current “notice-and-takedown” rule reveals three institutional applicability dilemmas: the existing paradigm for determining liable entities struggles to encompass emerging network service providers, the lack of quantifiable standards for the timeliness of reasonable measures taken by service providers, and the marginalization of user counter-notice mechanisms. In response to the practical demands of modernizing digital governance, this paper proposes targeted optimization pathways for the “Notice-Deletion” Rule. By expanding the scope of liable entities, constructing a tiered timeliness response system, and improving the operational procedures for counter-notices, the aim is to establish a new governance paradigm that balances the interests of multiple stakeholders.