论《爱弥儿》对学前儿童父母养育方式的启迪

On the Enlightenment of Emile to the Parenting Styles of Parents of Preschool-Aged Children

摘要: 在儿童成长历程中，家庭教育是构筑其认知及性格品德的基石，父母则是这基石的铺设者，其养育方式更决定着儿童的成长方向。本文聚焦于学前儿童家庭教育中父母养育方式，深入探讨《爱弥儿》蕴含的家庭教育智慧所给予的启示。书中提出了自然主义、尊重天性、儿童中心原则等经典教育理念，倡导顺应儿童天性、重视感官体验、尊重儿童意愿与关注情感需求，对当下的父母养育方式带来了诸多革新启示，在与现代教育理念的对比下，审视当前常见的养育方式类型及其弊端，能够助力父母规避养育误区，为学前儿童铺就健康成长、全面发展的道路，推动家庭教育迈向更高质量的台阶。

Abstract: In the course of children’s growth, family education serves as the cornerstone for building their cognition, character, and moral values. Parents are the ones laying this cornerstone, and their parenting methods determine the direction of children’s growth. This paper focuses on the parenting methods of parents in the family education of preschool children and deeply explores the inspiration provided by the family education wisdom contained in Emile. The book puts forward classic educational concepts such as naturalism, respect for natural instincts, and the principle of child-centeredness. It advocates conforming to children’s natural instincts, emphasizing sensory experiences, respecting children’s wishes, and paying attention to their emotional needs. These have brought a lot of innovative inspiration to current parenting methods. By comparing with modern educational concepts, this paper examines the common types of current parenting methods and their drawbacks. This can help parents avoid parenting misunderstandings, pave the way for the healthy growth and all-round development of preschool children, and promote family education to a higher-quality level.