自修复高分子材料的性能与应用综述
Review of the Performance and Applications of Self-Healing Polymer Materials
DOI: 10.12677/ms.2025.153050, PDF,   
作者: 樊子来：兰州交通大学材料科学与工程学院，甘肃 兰州
关键词: 自修复；高分子；外援型自修复；本征型自修复；Self-Healing； Polymers； Extrinsic； Intrinsic
摘要: 自修复高分子材料能够在外界刺激下自主修复损伤，是材料研究的前沿方向。其在保持产品质量和功能并延长产品寿命的能力在减轻塑料废物对环境的负担方面发挥着至关重要的作用。自修复材料的早期研究主要集中在通过集成嵌入式修复剂实现的外援型自修复材料，其主要致力于优化修复剂的释放和确保快速的自修复能力。近年来的研究重点逐渐转向了利用材料固有反应性和基质内相互作用的本征型自修复材料。它们能在同一受损区域实现多次自修复，这得益于可逆的化学反应和超分子相互作用。本文全面探讨了外援型和本征型自修复方法，阐明了它们的独特性质和特征。此外，还系统分析了各种自修复机制，并整合了前沿研究的最新见解。
Abstract: Self-healing polymeric materials, designed to autonomously repair damage caused by external factors, are gaining prominence in sustainable materials research. These materials help preserve product quality and functionality, extending the lifespan of products and reducing the environmental impact of plastic waste. Early research in self-healing materials predominantly focused on extrinsic healing systems, which involve the incorporation of healing agents within the material. These studies emphasized optimizing the release of healing agents to enable rapid repair. More recently, attention has shifted to intrinsic self-healing systems that capitalize on the material’s own reactive properties and internal interactions. These systems offer the benefit of repeated self-repair at the same damaged site, thanks to reversible chemical reactions and supramolecular forces. This review provides an in-depth comparison of extrinsic and intrinsic self-healing strategies, highlighting their distinct properties. Additionally, it surveys various self-healing mechanisms and integrates findings from cutting-edge research to offer a comprehensive understanding of the field.
文章引用：樊子来. 自修复高分子材料的性能与应用综述[J]. 材料科学, 2025, 15(3): 442-452. https://doi.org/10.12677/ms.2025.153050

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