数字企业专利组合多样性对企业绩效的影响研究——区域数字经济发展水平的调节

The Impact of Patent Portfolio Diversity on Firm Performance in Digital Enterprises—The Moderating Role of Regional Digital Economy Development Levels

摘要: 专利组合多样性能够提升国家的创新能力与经济竞争力，促进企业跨领域创新，增强技术防御，促进知识流动与合作。随着数字经济不断发展，企业对专利的布局和管理面临新的挑战，数字企业专利多样性与企业绩效之间的关系值得进一步探讨。本文基于专利组合理论与知识基础理论，选取2009~2022年中国数字产业上市公司数据进行回归分析，探讨专利组合多样性与企业绩效间关系，以及区域数字经济发展水平的调节作用，研究结果表明：(1) 专利组合多样性与企业绩效呈现倒U型关系，最适多样性水平为0.235；(2) 区域数字经济发展水平在专利组合多样性和企业绩效之间存在显著调节作用。研究结论对数字企业专利布局策略选择、研发决策、政策制定等均有积极的借鉴与启示。

Abstract: The diversity of patent portfolios can enhance a nation’s innovation capabilities and economic competitiveness, promote cross-sector innovation among enterprises, strengthen technological defenses, and facilitate the flow and cooperation of knowledge. As the digital economy continues to evolve, companies face new challenges in the layout and management of patents. The relationship between digital companies’ patent diversity and corporate performance warrants further exploration. Based on patent portfolio theory and knowledge-based theory, this paper selects data from China’s listed digital industry companies from 2009-2022 for regression analysis to investigate the relationship between patent portfolio diversity and corporate performance, as well as the moderating effect of regional digital economic development levels. The results show that: (1) There is an inverted U-shaped relationship between patent portfolio diversity and corporate performance, with the optimal diversity level being 0.235; (2) The level of regional digital economic development has a significant moderating effect on the relationship between patent portfolio diversity and corporate performance. The conclusions of this study offer positive references and insights for digital enterprises in choosing patent layout strategies, making R&D decisions, and formulating policies.