基于数据挖掘探讨李红梅治疗围绝经期综合征的用药规律

Exploring the Medication Patterns of Li Hongmei in Treating Perimenopausal Syndrome Based on Data Mining

摘要: 目的：通过数据挖掘的方法，总结李红梅教授治疗围绝经期综合征的用药规律。方法：收集并筛选2023年09月至2023年12月黑龙江中医药大学附属第二医院妇科门诊李红梅教授收治的围绝经期综合征患者的中药处方共61首，将用药信息录入EXCEL 2016，运用SPSS Modeler、Origin 2022软件，采用频数、关联规则、聚类分析等方法进行统计和分析。结果：1) 药物频次分析：61首处方涉及中药141味，使用频次共计1206次，用药频次 ≥ 20次的药物有19味，使用频次居前10位的药物依次是柴胡、桂枝、黄芩、百合、浮小麦、龙骨、牡蛎、黄芪、姜半夏、茯苓。2) 药物性味归经：寒性药物使用频数最多，达460次，占比38.14%；五味以甘、苦、辛为主，占比分别为38%、25%和18%；归经多归肺、肝、心经，其次为脾、肾、胃、胆、大肠经；补虚药使用频次最高，达343次，其次为清热药(174次)和解表药(148次)。3) 组方规律分析：药物组合54个，包含中药6味，组合频次从高到低依次是龙骨和牡蛎、牡蛎和桂枝、龙骨和桂枝、浮小麦和百合等为代表，总结其基础方剂为柴胡桂枝龙骨牡蛎汤。结论：围绝经期综合征的基本病机为肝郁肾虚，痰浊、瘀血是常见兼夹病理产物，治疗以疏肝和解、滋阴清热为主，兼以健脾益气、扶正祛邪、渗湿利水。

Abstract: Objective: To summarize the medication patterns of Professor Li Hongmei in the treatment of perimenopausal syndrome by using data mining. Methods: A total of 61 prescriptions with perimenopausal syndrome were collected and screened from the outpatient department of gynecology of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine from September to December in 2023, and recorded the medication information in Excel 2016 and analyzed by using SPSS Modeler and Origin 2022 software. Results: 1) Frequency analysis: 61 prescriptions involved 141 kinds of traditional Chinese medicine, total frequency of use 1206 times and more than 20 times of 19 drugs. The 10 most frequently used drugs were Chaihu, Guizhi, Huangqin, Baihe, Fuxiaomai, Longgu, Muli, Huangqi, Jiangbanxia and Fuling. 2) Properties and Meridians: The most frequent use of cold drugs was 460 times (38.14%), the main five tastes were sweet, bitter and acrid (38%, 25% and 18%), and the meridians mainly belong to lung, liver and heart and then spleen, kidney, stomach and gallbladder. The tonic herbs were used the most frequently, up to 343 times, followed by heat-clearing drugs (174 times) and surface-relieving drugs (148 times). 3) Prescription law: There are 54 drug combinations, including 6 kinds of traditional Chinese medicine. The combination frequency from high to low is represented by Longgu and Muli, Muli and Guizhi, Longgu and Guizhi, Fuxiaomai and Baihe, etc. Conclusion: The basic pathogenesis of perimenopausal syndrome is cardinal disadvantage, stagnation of liver-qi and deficiency of kidney. Phlegm and blood stasis are common pathological products, so the treatment is mainly to soothe the liver and reconcile, to nourish yin and clear heat and also to strengthen the spleen of qi, to strengthen the body and drive away pathogenic factors, and to permeate dampness and water.