医学本科生耳鼻咽喉头颈外科见习轮教中非技术技能(NTS)能力培养的应用探讨——以内蒙古医科大学附属医院为例

Exploration of Non-Technical Skills (NTS) Competency Development in Clinical Clerkship Rotations for Medical Undergraduates in Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery—A Case Study of the Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University

摘要: 目的：探讨在内蒙古医科大学附属医院耳鼻咽喉头颈外科见习轮教中，非技术技能(NTS)能力培养的应用状况与效果。方法：采用案例分析、问卷调查、师生访谈等形式，收集见习教学中的相关数据，剖析当前教学实践里NTS培养的课程设置、教学手段、考核模式等情况。结果：当前教学已初步融入NTS元素，但尚存不足。课程方面，理论讲授多，实景模拟少；教学手段上，传统课堂讲授为主，互动式、情景式教学欠缺；考核侧重理论知识，对沟通、团队协作等NTS考核占比低。结论：在耳鼻咽喉头颈外科见习轮教里强化NTS能力培养十分必要。建议优化课程体系，增加模拟诊疗、小组案例讨论等实践环节；创新教学手段，利用虚拟仿真、线上平台拓展学习场景；完善考核机制，提升NTS相关指标权重，全方位赋能医学本科生，使其带着过硬的专业与非专业综合能力，从容迈入耳鼻喉头颈外科专业领域，契合未来复杂医疗服务需求。

Abstract: Objective: This study investigates the application and effectiveness of non-technical skills (NTS) competency development in clinical clerkship rotations for medical undergraduates within the Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery at The Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University. Methods: Data were collected through case analysis, questionnaire surveys, and interviews with faculty and students to evaluate the current status of NTS training in terms of curriculum design, teaching methodologies, and assessment models. Results: While NTS elements have been preliminarily integrated into the curriculum, several shortcomings persist. The curriculum prioritizes theoretical instruction over scenario-based simulations. Teaching methods predominantly rely on traditional lectures, with limited adoption of interactive or contextualized learning approaches. Assessments focus heavily on theoretical knowledge, while NTS-related competencies—such as communication and teamwork—are undervalued in evaluation criteria. Conclusion: Strengthening NTS competency development in otorhinolaryngology-head and neck surgery clerkship rotations is imperative. Recommendations include optimizing the curriculum by incorporating simulated clinical scenarios and small-group case discussions, innovating teaching methods through virtual simulation and online platforms to expand learning contexts, and refining assessment mechanisms to increase the weight of NTS-related metrics. These measures aim to holistically equip medical undergraduates with robust technical and non-technical competencies, preparing them to confidently enter the field of otorhinolaryngology-head and neck surgery and meet the demands of future complex healthcare environments.