帕金森病患者偏侧起病、优势肢体受累的研究进展

Research Progress on Asymmetric Motor Onset and Limb Predominance in Parkinson’s Disease

摘要: 帕金森病是一种中枢神经系统退行性病变，其运动症状中存在偏侧起病、优势肢体受累的特征，临床以右侧起病、上肢为优势肢体受累更为多见。研究发现，不同起病侧或不同优势肢体受累的帕金森病患者，其临床表现和影像学特征存在显著差异，但相关的病理生理机制尚未完全阐明。近年来，神经影像学技术深化了对帕金森病不同临床表型的认识，为揭示其病因和病程进展机制提供了重要依据。本文综述了帕金森病偏侧起病和优势肢体受累的临床特征、病理生理改变及神经影像学研究进展，旨在促进对帕金森病不对称性机制的理解，并为临床诊断和治疗提供参考。

Abstract: Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a degenerative disorder of the central nervous system characterized by asymmetric motor symptom onset and limb predominance, with right-sided onset and upper limb predominance being more clinically prevalent. Studies have shown significant differences in clinical manifestations and imaging features among PD patients with different onset sides or predominant limb involvement, although the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms remain incompletely understood. In recent years, advancements in neuroimaging techniques have deepened our understanding of the diverse clinical phenotypes of PD, providing critical insights into its etiology and disease progression mechanisms. This article reviews the clinical characteristics, pathophysiological changes, and neuroimaging research progress related to asymmetric onset and predominant limb involvement in PD, aiming to enhance the understanding of the mechanisms underlying PD asymmetry and to offer references for clinical diagnosis and treatment.