基于有限元分析的永磁同步电机转子偏心研究
Research on Rotor Eccentricity of PMSM Based on Finite Element Analysis
摘要: 电机长期运行过程中，转子动态偏心是极易发生的故障，研究转子动偏心对电机特性的影响对电机状态监测至关重要。本文采用有限元分析方法，利用COMSOL Multiphysics对不同偏心程度的永磁同步电机(PMSM)进行了电磁场分析，系统探讨了转子偏心对电机电流和磁通密度等关键参数的影响。仿真结果显示，随着偏心程度的增加，定子电流的幅值显著增大。特别是在80%动态偏心情况下，电流频谱不仅出现了明显的谐波分量，还引入了特定的特征频率，尤其是在基波频率的倍频处，这些额外的谐波分量会导致电机的电磁噪声和振动加剧，从而影响电机的稳定性和运行效率。同时，气隙中某点x分量的磁通密度值也随偏心程度的增加而增大，进一步验证了偏心对磁场分布的显著影响，具有一定的参考价值。
Abstract: The dynamic eccentricity of the air gap is a very easy fault in the long running of the motor, so it is very important to study the influence of rotor eccentricity on the motor characteristics. In this paper, the electromagnetic field of permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) with different degree of eccentricity was analyzed by using the finite element analysis method and COMSOL Multiphysics, and the influence of rotor eccentricity on the key parameters of the motor current and magnetic flux density was systematically discussed. The simulation results show that the amplitude of stator current increases significantly with the increase of eccentricity. Especially in the case of 80% dynamic eccentricity, the current spectrum not only has obvious harmonic components, but also introduces specific characteristic frequencies, especially at the frequency doubling of the fundamental frequency, these additional harmonic components will lead to electromagnetic noise and vibration of the motor, thus affecting the stability and operation efficiency of the motor. At the same time, the x component of the air gap also increases with the increase of the degree of eccentricity, which further verifies the significant influence of eccentricity on the magnetic field distribution, and has certain reference value.
文章引用：程颖. 基于有限元分析的永磁同步电机转子偏心研究[J]. 建模与仿真, 2025, 14(4): 86-94. https://doi.org/10.12677/mos.2025.144267

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