应急物资储备中心LAP问题的仿真研究

Simulation Research of Emergency Materials Reserve Center Location-Allocation Problem

摘要: 针对灾后应急救援阶段由于储备中心选址不当造成经济损失，受灾点物资分配不均造成救灾秩序不稳定的问题，以最小化受灾点应急物资的最大需求未满足率为公平目标，最小化应急救援总成本为经济目标，构建基于最小最大后悔准则的应急物资储备中心选址–分配(LAP)的整数非线性规划模型。设计一种改进的带精英策略的累积非支配排序遗传算法NDE-NSGA-II求解模型。数值实验表明构建模型和改进算法分别具有良好的鲁棒性和更高的搜索精度。

Abstract: In light of the economic losses incurred due to improper location selection of reserve centers during the post-disaster emergency rescue phase, as well as the uneven distribution of materials at disaster-stricken sites leading to an unstable disaster relief order, it is essential to establish a fair objective: to minimize the unmet rate of maximum demand for emergency supplies at these sites while also reducing overall emergency rescue costs. This economic target is addressed through the development of an integer nonlinear programming model for the location and allocation of emergency material reserve centers (LAP), which is based on the minimum-maximum regret criterion. Furthermore, an improved cumulative non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm with an elite strategy, referred to as NDE-NSGA-II, is designed to solve this model. Numerical experiments demonstrate that both the constructed model and the enhanced algorithm exhibit strong robustness and higher search accuracy.