扎龙湿地柱状沉积物中磷的赋存特征及影响因素

Occurrence Characteristics and Influencing Factors of Phosphorus in Columnar Sediments of Zhalong Wetland

摘要: 沉积物中各形态的磷具有不同的环境行为，其中磷的形态浓度是衡量湿地富营养化程度的最基本指标。扎龙湿地具有丰富的生态系统，但近年来，由于人为因素的影响，以及社会经济的快速发展，对其生态环境构成了严峻的挑战。为了对研究区沉积物中总磷及各形态磷的空间分布特征进行分析，本文将扎龙湿地分为缓冲区，试验区，核心区，使用ArcMap制作磷及各形态磷的分布图，对扎龙湿地土壤的理化性质与土壤磷素的相关性进行分析，探讨其影响因素。通过SMT法对扎龙湿地柱状沉积物中总磷(TP)及各形态磷进行测定，明确各形态磷之间均呈现显著相关，揭示出扎龙湿地表层沉积物中各形态磷间可能相互转化。实验结果显示，无机磷(IP)含量稍高于有机磷(OP)，其中的钙结合态磷(Ca-P)和铁铝结合态磷(Fe/AI-P)赋存形态差异性不大。本研究结果有助于了解湿地生态系统的健康状况，为湿地保护和管理提供科学依据。

Abstract: Different forms of phosphorus in sediments have different environmental behaviors, and the morphological concentration of phosphorus is the most basic indicator to measure the degree of eutrophication in wetlands. Zhalong Wetland has a rich ecosystem, but in recent years, due to the influence of human factors and the rapid development of social economy, it has posed a severe challenge to its ecological environment. In order to analyze the spatial distribution characteristics of total phosphorus and various forms of phosphorus in the sediments in the study area, this paper divided the Zhalong wetland into buffer zone, experimental area and core area, and used ArcMap to make a map of phosphorus and the distribution of phosphorus in various forms, and analyzed the correlation between the physical and chemical properties of soil and soil phosphorus in Zhalong wetland, and discussed its influencing factors. The total phosphorus (TP) and various forms of phosphorus in the columnar sediments of Zhalong wetland were determined by SMT method, and it was clear that there was a significant correlation between the various forms of phosphorus, revealing that the various forms of phosphorus in the surface sediments of Zhalong wetland may be converted to each other. The experimental results showed that the content of inorganic phosphorus (IP) was slightly higher than that of organic phosphorus (OP), and there was little difference in the occurrence morphology of calcium-bound phosphorus (Ca-P) and iron-aluminum bound phosphorus (Fe/AI-P). The results of this study are helpful to understand the health status of wetland ecosystems and provide a scientific basis for wetland conservation and management.