机会性筛查在心力衰竭预防中的意义及探讨

The Significance and Exploration of Opportunistic Screening in the Prevention of Heart Failure

摘要: 心力衰竭(heart failure, HF)是全球范围亟待解决的公众卫生问题。随着人口老龄化加剧和生活方式的改变，HF的发病率逐渐上升，给人们的健康带来了严重的威胁。HF机会性筛查是医生推荐给主动进行筛查的非HF就诊患者或体检人员进行的筛查，是一种低成本的筛查方式，在有效地提高人群对HF的认知度和对HF预防有着重大意义。目前在医防融合、资源共享的理念下，各级医疗机构和公共卫生机构能够协同合作从而更好推动HF筛查与预防。本文将结合最新指南对HF机会性筛查在预防中的重要价值作一综述，旨在为全科医生筛查和预防HF提供理论支持，提高全科医生早期干预管理HF的能力，降低医疗成本，履行时代赋予全科医生双“守门人”的职责，全面提升人民群众的健康水平和生活质量。

Abstract: Heart failure (HF) is a public health issue that urgently needs to be addressed worldwide. With the increasing aging of the population and changes in lifestyle, the incidence of HF is gradually rising, posing a serious threat to people’s health. Opportunistic screening for HF is a type of screening recommended by doctors for patients who visit for reasons other than HF or for individuals undergoing physical examinations and who voluntarily undergo screening. It is a low-cost screening method that plays a significant role in effectively increasing public awareness of HF and in the prevention of HF. Under the current concept of integration of medical care and prevention and resource sharing, medical institutions at all levels and public health institutions can collaborate to better promote HF screening and prevention. This article will review the important value of opportunistic screening for HF in prevention in combination with the latest guidelines. It aims to provide theoretical support for general practitioners to screen and prevent HF, enhance their ability to intervene and manage HF at an early stage, reduce medical costs, fulfill the dual “gatekeeper” responsibilities assigned to general practitioners in this era, and comprehensively improve the health level and quality of life of the people.