杜威的道德教育思想对我国高校德育工作的启示

The Implications of Dewey’s Moral Education Thought for the Moral Education Work in Chinese Colleges and Universities

摘要: 高校是教育的主要阵地，高校的道德教育担负着培养社会主义建设者和接班人的重任。杜威作为20世纪伟大的哲学家和教育家，其道德教育思想对许多国家产生了深刻的影响，其思想形成于美国社会整体转型及美国传统道德教育思想缺陷显露之时，奠基于实用主义哲学和机能心理学。通过杜威道德教育思想蕴含的道德教育的目的、道德教育的内容、道德教育的方法结合对我国高校德育工作中存在的道德教育目的性丧失、忽视学生主体性等问题，提出应变革道德教育理念、注重发挥大学生主体性等方式促进我国高校道德教育的发展。

Abstract: Universities are the main battlegrounds of education, and their moral education bears the important responsibility of cultivating builders and successors of socialism. John Dewey, as a great philosopher and educator in the 20th century, has had a profound influence on the moral education of many countries. His moral education ideas were formed during the period when American society was undergoing an overall transformation and the defects of traditional American moral education ideas were revealed. They are based on pragmatism and functional psychology. By combining Dewey’s ideas on the purpose, content, and methods of moral education with the existing problems in China’s university moral education work, such as the loss of the purpose of moral education and the neglect of students’ subjectivity, it is proposed that the concept of moral education should be changed and the subjectivity of college students should be emphasized to promote the development of moral education in Chinese universities.