负性基本情绪与性别交互作用的认知机制综述

A Review of the Cognitive Mechanisms Underlying the Interaction between Gender and Negative Basic Emotions

摘要: 面孔情绪分类的性别差异是当前社会认知研究中的重要议题，快速而准确地识别情绪对于人类的社会交往有重要的作用。以往研究发现在情绪分类任务上，存在性别差异。文章综述了该领域常用的实验范式，探讨了男性愤怒与女性悲伤识别优势的跨范式稳定性。对于这一现象，理论层面有三种理论解释，分别是视觉结构理论、评价联结理论以及性别情绪刻板印象理论。三者分别从感知特征、情感联结与社会认知角度解释识别优势，且评价联结与刻板印象机制具有独立性。文章为理解性别与情绪交互的认知机制提供了多维理论框架，并强调了社会文化因素在情绪感知中的核心作用。

Abstract: Gender differences in facial emotion categorization are an important topic in current social cognition research. The ability to recognize emotions quickly and accurately is crucial for social interactions. Previous research has found that there are gender differences in emotional categorization tasks. This paper reviews the experimental paradigms commonly employed in this domain and examines the stability of the recognition advantages for male anger and female sadness across different paradigms. There are three theoretical explanations for this phenomenon at the theoretical level, namely, the visual structure theory, the evaluative association theory, and the gender emotion stereotype theory. The three theories explain the recognition advantages from the perspectives of perceptual features, emotional associations, and social cognition, respectively, and the mechanisms of evaluative association and stereotype are independent. This paper provides a multidimensional theoretical framework for understanding the cognitive mechanisms of gender and emotion interaction and emphasizes the core role of social and cultural factors in emotion perception.