数字经济对高技能水平就业的影响——基于82个国家的面板分析

The Impact of the Digital Economy on Employment at High Skill Levels—Panel Analysis Based on the 82 Countries

摘要: 本研究基于82个国家的面板数据，构建指标体系衡量数字经济水平，结合中介效应模型和稳健性分析深入探讨了数字经济发展对高技能就业的影响与影响机制。研究发现，数字经济的快速发展显著促进了高技能就业水平的提高，创新能力和产业结构升级是关键的中介路径。此外，异质性分析显示，数字经济对中高收入国家的高技能就业促进作用更为显著，而在中等和低收入国家的影响相对较弱。对女性高技能就业的促进作用更明显，对男性的影响则不显著。基于此，提出了加快数字基础设施建设、提升创新能力、促进产业结构升级、促进性别平等等政策建议，以实现数字经济在全球范围内更广泛的就业促进作用。

Abstract: This study constructs an index system to measure the level of digital economy development based on panel data from 82 countries and employs a mediation effect model and robustness analysis to comprehensively examine the impact and mechanisms of digital economy development on high-skilled employment. The findings indicate that the rapid expansion of the digital economy significantly enhances high-skilled employment levels, with innovation capability and industrial upgrading serving as key mediating pathways. Furthermore, heterogeneity analysis reveals that the digital economy’s promotion of high-skilled employment is more pronounced in upper-middle and high-income countries, whereas its impact is relatively weaker in middle- and low-income countries. Additionally, the digital economy has a significantly stronger effect on promoting high-skilled employment among women, while its impact on men is not statistically significant. Based on these findings, this study proposes policy recommendations, including accelerating the construction of digital infrastructure, enhancing innovation capacity, promoting industrial upgrading, and advancing gender equality, to achieve a more extensive employment-enhancing effect of the digital economy on a global scale.