基于纺织服装产业视角的高端化发展水平及影响因素研究

Research on High-End Development Level and Influencing Factors from the Perspective of Textile and Garment Industry

摘要: 纺织服装产业作为我国传统的支柱性行业，其高端化发展对于“十四五”规划的推进及2035年远景目标的实现具有重要价值。从供应链协同的角度出发，对纺织服装产业的高端化发展水平进行测度，并探讨其影响因素，有助于推动行业转型升级。本文以纺织服装产业为研究对象，选取纺织业及纺织服装、服饰业共计25家A股上市公司2017~2021年年报数据，采用基于DEA的Malmquist指数法对高端化发展水平进行测算，并利用Tobit模型分析相关影响因素。研究结果表明，2017~2021年间，我国纺织行业高端化发展水平的Malmquist指数均值为0.979，显示出行业整体处于下降趋势，相较2016年年均下降2.6%，表明行业高端化发展仍有较大提升空间。其中，营业收入增长率和净资产收益率对高端化发展水平具有显著正向影响，而固定资产比率虽呈正向关系，但影响不显著；劳动力投入及资产负债率则为非显著负向影响因素。基于研究结论，本文提出促进技术创新、强化品牌建设、推动绿色发展及加快产业协同等策略，以提升纺织服装产业的高端化发展水平。

Abstract: As a traditional pillar industry in China, the high-end development of textile and garment industry is of great value to the promotion of the 14^th Five-Year Plan and the realization of the long-term goal in 2035. From the perspective of supply chain coordination, measuring the high-end development level of textile and garment industry and discussing its influencing factors will help promote the transformation and upgrading of the industry. This paper takes the textile and garment industry as the research object, selects the annual report data of 25 A-share listed companies in the textile industry, textile and garment industry from 2017 to 2021, uses the Malmquist index method based on DEA to measure the high-end development level, and uses Tobit model to analyze the related influencing factors. The results show that from 2017 to 2021, the average Malmquist index of the high-end development level of China’s textile industry is 0.979, indicating that the industry as a whole is in a downward trend, with an average annual decline of 2.6% compared with 2016, indicating that there is still much room for improvement in the high-end development of the industry. Among them, the growth rate of operating income and return on net assets have a significant positive impact on the development level of high-end, while the ratio of fixed assets has a positive relationship, but the impact is not significant; Labor input and asset-liability ratio are non-significant negative factors. Based on the research conclusion, this paper puts forward some strategies, such as promoting technological innovation, strengthening brand building, promoting green development and accelerating industrial synergy, in order to improve the high-end development level of textile and garment industry.