四自由度半车主动悬架控制策略对比研究

A Comparative Study of the Control Strategy of Four-Degree-of-Freedom Half-Car Active Suspension

摘要: 为提高汽车的乘坐舒适性，本文对半车四自由度悬架系统的控制策略进行对比和研究。建立半车悬架动力学模型与状态空间方程，在MATLAB/Simulink环境中搭建1/2车主动悬架模型并提出PID控制策略和模糊控制策略，对比研究不同控制策略在主动悬架和被动悬架对于车体加速度、车轮动载荷、悬架动挠度中的影响。结果表明，主动悬架能够有效改善汽车平顺性且模糊控制对车身震动加速度的优化率达到23.73%，PID控制对车身震动加速度的优化率达到14.9%，模糊控制能够达到更好的控制效果。

Abstract: In order to improve the riding comfort of automobiles, the control strategies of the four-degree-of-freedom suspension system of half cars are compared and studied in this paper. The dynamic model and state space equation of the half-car suspension were established, the active suspension model of the 1/2 vehicle was constructed in MATLAB/Simulink, the PID control strategy and fuzzy control strategy were proposed, and the effects of different control strategies in the active and passive suspensions for the acceleration of the car body, the dynamic load of the wheels and the dynamic deflection of the suspension were compared and studied. The results show that active suspension can effectively improve the vehicle ride, the optimization rate of fuzzy control for body vibration acceleration can achieve 23.73%, the optimization rate of PID control for body vibration acceleration can reach 14.9%, and fuzzy control can achieve better control effects.