半月板的损伤与修复有限元分析研究进展

Research Progress of Finite Element Analysis of Meniscus Injury and Repair

摘要: 随着近年来科技的进步，CT及MRI设备的图层越来越精细，有限元分析软件不断更新，处理建立各种人体模型能力的逐渐强大，有限元分析法在生物力学方面展现出更多的优势。越来越多的学者将其应用于骨科生物力学的研究。半月板不同类型损伤会导致膝关节各部位应力分布发生改变，是膝关节骨性关节炎进展的一种危险因素，近年来更多针对半月板损伤的修复逐渐得到重视，相关有限元分析研究表明，半月板损伤的修复可以改善甚至恢复膝关节原有的生物力学特性，从而延缓骨性关节炎的发生发展。膝关节半月板的有限元模型可以通过医学图形处理软件MIMICS构建，利用有限元前处理软件可获得不同半月板损伤及半月板修复模型，通过有限元分析软件ANSYS，可以分析不同类型半月板损伤及半月板损伤修复的生物力学特性，为半月板损伤及修复的研究提供了一种新的思路和方法。因此本文就半月板不同损伤与修复的有限元分析研究进展进行综述性总结，为临床医师及科研工作者提供参考依据。

Abstract: With the advancement of science and technology in recent years, the layers of CT and MRI equipment have become more and more refined, the finite element analysis software has been continuously updated, and the ability to process and build various human body models has become increasingly powerful. The finite element analysis method has shown more potential in biomechanics advantages. More and more scholars are applying it to the study of orthopedic biomechanics. Different types of meniscal injuries will lead to changes in stress distribution in various parts of the knee joint, which is a risk factor for the progression of knee osteoarthritis. In recent years, more repairs for meniscal injuries have gradually received more attention. Related finite element analysis studies have shown that, repair of meniscal damage can improve or even restore the original biomechanical properties of the knee joint, thereby delaying the occurrence and development of osteoarthritis. The finite element model of the knee meniscus can be constructed through the medical graphics processing software MIMICS, using the different meniscal injury and meniscal repair models available with the finite element pre-processing software, and using the finite element analysis software ANSYS to analyze different types of meniscal injuries and the biomechanical properties of meniscal injury and repair provide a new idea and method for the study of meniscal injury and repair. Therefore, this article provides a review summary of the research progress of finite element analysis of different meniscal injuries and repairs to provide a reference for clinicians and scientific researchers.