人工智能赋能教学中学生批判性思维的培养——以有机化学课程为例

Artificial Intelligence Empowers the Cultivation of Students’ Critical Thinking in Teaching—Taking the Organic Chemistry Course as an Example

摘要: 在人工智能时代，以ChatGPT为代表的生成式人工智能(GenAI)工具正逐步融入教育教学领域，展现出巨大的应用潜力。然而，GenAI在实际应用中仍面临答案准确性不够、真实性难以保证以及算法文化偏见等问题，这就需要使用者具有很强的批判性思维能力，能够理性分析信息和筛选有效信息。基于此，本文在有机化学课程教学实践中，将GenAI融入课程教学体系，构建了“教师–学生–AI助教”双师模式与“课前–课中–课后”混合式教学模式。通过人工智能技术赋能教学，在实现知识高效传授的同时，强化培养学生的批判性思维能力，进而全面提升学生的科学思维品质与创新能力，为新时代创新型人才培养提供实践路径。

Abstract: In the age of artificial intelligence, generative artificial intelligence (GenAI) tools, with ChatGPT as a prime example, are increasingly being integrated into the realm of education and teaching, revealing remarkable application potential. In practical applications, GenAI, however, still has several challenges. These include inaccuracies in answers, difficulties in guaranteeing authenticity, and algorithmic cultural biases. As a result, users are required to have robust critical thinking skills to rationally analyze and sift through the information to extract what is truly effective. Against this backdrop, this paper focuses on the teaching practice of organic chemistry courses. It integrates GenAI into the curriculum education system, a dual-teacher model of “teacher—student—AI teaching assistant” and a blended teaching model of “pre-class, in-class, post-class” have been constructed. By leveraging artificial intelligence technology to empower teaching, this approach not only ensures the efficient transfer of knowledge but also significantly strengthens the cultivation of students’ critical thinking abilities. Consequently, it comprehensively enhances students’ scientific thinking qualities and innovation capabilities, offering a practical approach to cultivating innovative talents in the new era.