应用型高校机械类专业实践教学体系的构建与实践

Construction and Practice of the Practical Teaching System for Mechanical Majors in Application-Oriented Universities

摘要: 随着新经济蓬勃发展，对工程科技人才需求大增。地方应用型本科高校应培养应用型人才，机械类专业在工科人才培养模式改革中至关重要。当前机械类专业实践教学存在教学重理论轻实践、经费投入重科研轻实践、教学内容与方法陈旧等问题。基于“四能力”(工程实践能力、科技创新能力、团队协作能力和自主学习能力)培养，构建实践教学体系，包括构建培养体系、优化教学内容、制定基于OBE理念的考核评价机制，以此推动机械类专业新工科建设，培养知识与能力并重的复合型人才。

Abstract: With the booming development of the new economy, the demand for engineering and technological talents has increased significantly. Local application-oriented undergraduate universities should cultivate applied talents, and mechanical majors play a crucial role in the reform of the training mode for engineering talents. Currently, there are problems in the practical teaching of mechanical majors, such as emphasizing theory over practice in teaching, prioritizing scientific research over practice in funding investment, and having outdated teaching content and methods. Based on the cultivation of the “Four Abilities” (engineering practice ability, scientific and technological innovation ability, team collaboration ability, and autonomous learning ability), a practical teaching system is constructed, including building a cultivation system, optimizing teaching content, and formulating an assessment and evaluation mechanism based on the OBE concept, so as to promote the new engineering construction of mechanical majors and cultivate compound talents who attach equal importance to knowledge and ability.